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Alemtuzumab CARE-MS I 5-year follow-up: Durable efficacy in the absence of continuous MS therapy
E. Havrdova, DL. Arnold, JA. Cohen, HP. Hartung, EJ. Fox, G. Giovannoni, S. Schippling, KW. Selmaj, A. Traboulsee, DAS. Compston, DH. Margolin, K. Thangavelu, CE. Rodriguez, D. Jody, RJ. Hogan, P. Xenopoulos, MA. Panzara, AJ. Coles, . ,
Jazyk angličtina Země Spojené státy americké
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, randomizované kontrolované studie
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- humanizované monoklonální protilátky škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- imunologické faktory škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozek diagnostické zobrazování účinky léků MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- posuzování pracovní neschopnosti MeSH
- relabující-remitující roztroušená skleróza diagnostické zobrazování farmakoterapie MeSH
- velikost orgánu MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate 5-year efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab in treatment-naive patients with active relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) (CARE-MS I; NCT00530348). METHODS: Alemtuzumab-treated patients received treatment courses at baseline and 12 months later; after the core study, they could enter an extension (NCT00930553) with as-needed alemtuzumab retreatment for relapse or MRI activity. Assessments included annualized relapse rate (ARR), 6-month confirmed disability worsening (CDW; ≥1-point Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score increase [≥1.5 if baseline EDSS = 0]), 6-month confirmed disability improvement (CDI; ≥1-point EDSS decrease [baseline score ≥2.0]), no evidence of disease activity (NEDA), brain volume loss (BVL), and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: Most alemtuzumab-treated patients (95.1%) completing CARE-MS I enrolled in the extension; 68.5% received no additional alemtuzumab treatment. ARR remained low in years 3, 4, and 5 (0.19, 0.14, and 0.15). Over years 0-5, 79.7% were free of 6-month CDW; 33.4% achieved 6-month CDI. Most patients (61.7%, 60.2%, and 62.4%) had NEDA in years 3, 4, and 5. Median yearly BVL improved over years 2-4, remaining low in year 5 (years 1-5: -0.59%, -0.25%, -0.19%, -0.15%, and -0.20%). Exposure-adjusted incidence rates of most AEs declined in the extension relative to the core study. Thyroid disorder incidences peaked at year 3 and subsequently declined. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these data, alemtuzumab provides durable efficacy through 5 years in the absence of continuous treatment, with most patients not receiving additional courses. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: NCT00530348; NCT00930553. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class III evidence that alemtuzumab durably improves efficacy outcomes and slows BVL in patients with RRMS.
Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Cambridge UK
Department of Neurology Medical University of Łódź Poland
Evidence Scientific Solutions Sydney NSW Australia
Mellen Center Cleveland Clinic OH
MS Clinic of Central Texas Central Texas Neurology Consultants Round Rock
Queen Mary University of London Barts and The London School of Medicine UK
Citace poskytuje Crossref.org
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- $a Havrdova, Eva $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA. eva.havrdova@lf1.cuni.cz.
- 245 10
- $a Alemtuzumab CARE-MS I 5-year follow-up: Durable efficacy in the absence of continuous MS therapy / $c E. Havrdova, DL. Arnold, JA. Cohen, HP. Hartung, EJ. Fox, G. Giovannoni, S. Schippling, KW. Selmaj, A. Traboulsee, DAS. Compston, DH. Margolin, K. Thangavelu, CE. Rodriguez, D. Jody, RJ. Hogan, P. Xenopoulos, MA. Panzara, AJ. Coles, . ,
- 520 9_
- $a OBJECTIVE: To evaluate 5-year efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab in treatment-naive patients with active relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) (CARE-MS I; NCT00530348). METHODS: Alemtuzumab-treated patients received treatment courses at baseline and 12 months later; after the core study, they could enter an extension (NCT00930553) with as-needed alemtuzumab retreatment for relapse or MRI activity. Assessments included annualized relapse rate (ARR), 6-month confirmed disability worsening (CDW; ≥1-point Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score increase [≥1.5 if baseline EDSS = 0]), 6-month confirmed disability improvement (CDI; ≥1-point EDSS decrease [baseline score ≥2.0]), no evidence of disease activity (NEDA), brain volume loss (BVL), and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: Most alemtuzumab-treated patients (95.1%) completing CARE-MS I enrolled in the extension; 68.5% received no additional alemtuzumab treatment. ARR remained low in years 3, 4, and 5 (0.19, 0.14, and 0.15). Over years 0-5, 79.7% were free of 6-month CDW; 33.4% achieved 6-month CDI. Most patients (61.7%, 60.2%, and 62.4%) had NEDA in years 3, 4, and 5. Median yearly BVL improved over years 2-4, remaining low in year 5 (years 1-5: -0.59%, -0.25%, -0.19%, -0.15%, and -0.20%). Exposure-adjusted incidence rates of most AEs declined in the extension relative to the core study. Thyroid disorder incidences peaked at year 3 and subsequently declined. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these data, alemtuzumab provides durable efficacy through 5 years in the absence of continuous treatment, with most patients not receiving additional courses. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: NCT00530348; NCT00930553. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class III evidence that alemtuzumab durably improves efficacy outcomes and slows BVL in patients with RRMS.
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- 700 1_
- $a Arnold, Douglas L $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA. $7 gn_A_00008706
- 700 1_
- $a Cohen, Jeffrey A $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Hartung, Hans-Peter $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Fox, Edward J $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Giovannoni, Gavin $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Schippling, Sven $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Selmaj, Krzysztof W $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Traboulsee, Anthony $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Compston, D Alastair S $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Margolin, David H $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Thangavelu, Karthinathan $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Rodriguez, Claudio E $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Jody, Darlene $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Hogan, Richard J $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Xenopoulos, Panos $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
- 700 1_
- $a Panzara, Michael A $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.
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