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Zinc ion flux during mammalian sperm capacitation
K. Kerns, M. Zigo, EZ. Drobnis, M. Sutovsky, P. Sutovsky,
Language English Country England, Great Britain
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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- MeSH
- Semen Analysis MeSH
- Chelating Agents pharmacology MeSH
- Chlorides pharmacology MeSH
- Sperm Capacitation drug effects physiology MeSH
- Cations, Divalent metabolism MeSH
- Swine MeSH
- Flow Cytometry methods MeSH
- Zinc Compounds pharmacology MeSH
- Spermatozoa metabolism MeSH
- Zinc metabolism MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Male MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
Sperm capacitation, the ultimate maturation event preparing mammalian spermatozoa for fertilization, was first described in 1951, yet its regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. The capacitation process encompasses an influx of bicarbonate and calcium ions, removal of decapacitating factors, changes of pH and sperm proteasomal activities, and the increased protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Here, we document a novel biological phenomenon of a unique zinc (Zn2+) ion redistribution associated with mammalian sperm in vitro capacitation (IVC). Using image-based flow cytometry (IBFC), we identified four distinct types of sperm zinc ion distribution patterns (further zinc signature) and their changes during IVC. The zinc signature was altered after sperm capacitation, reduced by proteasomal inhibitors, removed by zinc chelators, and maintained with addition of external ZnCl2. These findings represent a fundamental shift in the understanding of mammalian fertilization, paving the way for improved semen analysis, in vitro fertilization (IVF), and artificial insemination (AI).
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- $a Sperm capacitation, the ultimate maturation event preparing mammalian spermatozoa for fertilization, was first described in 1951, yet its regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. The capacitation process encompasses an influx of bicarbonate and calcium ions, removal of decapacitating factors, changes of pH and sperm proteasomal activities, and the increased protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Here, we document a novel biological phenomenon of a unique zinc (Zn2+) ion redistribution associated with mammalian sperm in vitro capacitation (IVC). Using image-based flow cytometry (IBFC), we identified four distinct types of sperm zinc ion distribution patterns (further zinc signature) and their changes during IVC. The zinc signature was altered after sperm capacitation, reduced by proteasomal inhibitors, removed by zinc chelators, and maintained with addition of external ZnCl2. These findings represent a fundamental shift in the understanding of mammalian fertilization, paving the way for improved semen analysis, in vitro fertilization (IVF), and artificial insemination (AI).
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- $a Zigo, Michal $u Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-5300, USA. Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., 25242, Vestec, Czech Republic.
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