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Ectosymbionts alter spontaneous responses to the Earth's magnetic field in a crustacean
L. Landler, J. Skelton, MS. Painter, PW. Youmans, R. Muheim, RP. Creed, BL. Brown, JB. Phillips,
Jazyk angličtina Země Velká Británie
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, práce podpořená grantem, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
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- MeSH
- kroužkovci fyziologie MeSH
- magnetické pole MeSH
- severní raci fyziologie MeSH
- symbióza fyziologie MeSH
- Země (planeta) MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
Magnetic sensing is used to structure every-day, non-migratory behaviours in many animals. We show that crayfish exhibit robust spontaneous magnetic alignment responses. These magnetic behaviours are altered by interactions with Branchiobdellidan worms, which are obligate ectosymbionts. Branchiobdellidan worms have previously been shown to have positive effects on host growth when present at moderate densities, and negative effects at relatively high densities. Here we show that crayfish with moderate densities of symbionts aligned bimodally along the magnetic northeast-southwest axis, similar to passive magnetic alignment responses observed across a range of stationary vertebrates. In contrast, crayfish with high symbiont densities failed to exhibit consistent alignment relative to the magnetic field. Crayfish without symbionts shifted exhibited quadramodal magnetic alignment and were more active. These behavioural changes suggest a change in the organization of spatial behaviour with increasing ectosymbiont densities. We propose that the increased activity and a switch to quadramodal magnetic alignment may be associated with the use of systematic search strategies. Such a strategy could increase contact-rates with conspecifics in order to replenish the beneficial ectosymbionts that only disperse between hosts during direct contact. Our results demonstrate that crayfish perceive and respond to magnetic fields, and that symbionts influence magnetically structured spatial behaviour of their hosts.
Department of Biological Sciences Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
Department of Biology Appalachian State University Boone NC 28608 USA
Citace poskytuje Crossref.org
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