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Alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe: a large-scale cross-sectional study in 21 countries
C. Kilian, J. Rehm, P. Allebeck, F. Braddick, A. Gual, M. Barták, K. Bloomfield, A. Gil, M. Neufeld, A. O'Donnell, B. Petruželka, V. Rogalewicz, B. Schulte, J. Manthey, European Study Group on Alcohol Use and COVID-19
Jazyk angličtina Země Velká Británie
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články
Grantová podpora
001
World Health Organization - International
Medline Complete (EBSCOhost) od 1993-01-01 do Před 1 rokem
Odkazy
PubMed
34109685
DOI
10.1111/add.15530
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pandemie * MeSH
- pití alkoholu epidemiologie MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
AIMS: To investigate changes in alcohol consumption during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe as well as its associations with income and experiences of distress related to the pandemic. DESIGN: Cross-sectional on-line survey conducted between 24 April and 22 July 2020. SETTING: Twenty-one European countries. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 31 964 adults reporting past-year drinking. MEASUREMENTS: Changes in alcohol consumption were measured by asking respondents about changes over the previous month in their drinking frequency, the quantity they consumed and incidence of heavy episodic drinking events. Individual indicators were combined into an aggregated consumption-change score and scaled to a possible range of -1 to +1. Using this score as the outcome, multi-level linear regressions tested changes in overall drinking, taking into account sampling weights and baseline alcohol consumption [Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-C)] and country of residence serving as random intercept. Similar models were conducted for each single consumption-change indicator. FINDINGS: The aggregated consumption-change score indicated an average decrease in alcohol consumption of -0.14 [95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.18, -0.10]. Statistically significant decreases in consumption were found in all countries, except Ireland (-0.08, 95% CI = -0.17, 0.01) and the United Kingdom (+0.10, 95% CI = 0.03, 0.17). Decreases in drinking were mainly driven by a reduced frequency of heavy episodic drinking events (-0.17, 95% CI = -0.20, -0.14). Declines in consumption were less marked among those with low- or average incomes and those experiencing distress. CONCLUSIONS: On average, alcohol consumption appears to have declined during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. Both reduced availability of alcohol and increased distress may have affected consumption, although the former seems to have had a greater impact in terms of immediate effects.
1 M Sechenov 1st Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia
Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research Aarhus University Copenhagen Denmark
Clínic Foundation for Biomedical Research Barcelona Mallorca Spain
Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
Department of Psychiatry Medical Faculty University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
Department of Public Health Sciences Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona Mallorca Spain
Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
Population Health Sciences Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
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- $a AIMS: To investigate changes in alcohol consumption during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe as well as its associations with income and experiences of distress related to the pandemic. DESIGN: Cross-sectional on-line survey conducted between 24 April and 22 July 2020. SETTING: Twenty-one European countries. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 31 964 adults reporting past-year drinking. MEASUREMENTS: Changes in alcohol consumption were measured by asking respondents about changes over the previous month in their drinking frequency, the quantity they consumed and incidence of heavy episodic drinking events. Individual indicators were combined into an aggregated consumption-change score and scaled to a possible range of -1 to +1. Using this score as the outcome, multi-level linear regressions tested changes in overall drinking, taking into account sampling weights and baseline alcohol consumption [Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-C)] and country of residence serving as random intercept. Similar models were conducted for each single consumption-change indicator. FINDINGS: The aggregated consumption-change score indicated an average decrease in alcohol consumption of -0.14 [95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.18, -0.10]. Statistically significant decreases in consumption were found in all countries, except Ireland (-0.08, 95% CI = -0.17, 0.01) and the United Kingdom (+0.10, 95% CI = 0.03, 0.17). Decreases in drinking were mainly driven by a reduced frequency of heavy episodic drinking events (-0.17, 95% CI = -0.20, -0.14). Declines in consumption were less marked among those with low- or average incomes and those experiencing distress. CONCLUSIONS: On average, alcohol consumption appears to have declined during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. Both reduced availability of alcohol and increased distress may have affected consumption, although the former seems to have had a greater impact in terms of immediate effects.
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