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Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of the surface layer protein A gene (slpA) among Clostridioides difficile clinical isolates from Tehran, Iran
M. Noori, Z. Ghalavand, M. Azimirad, A. Yadegar, G. Eslami, M. Krutova, M. Brajerova, M. Goudarzi, MR. Zali
Language English Country Great Britain
Document type Journal Article
- MeSH
- Bacterial Proteins genetics MeSH
- Clostridioides difficile classification genetics isolation & purification MeSH
- Child MeSH
- DNA, Bacterial genetics MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Phylogeny * MeSH
- Genetic Variation MeSH
- Clostridium Infections microbiology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Bacterial Typing Techniques MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Iran MeSH
Clostridioides difficile is the most common causative agent of healthcare-associated diarrhea. C. difficile strains produce a crystalline surface layer protein (SlpA), encoded by the slpA gene. Previous studies have shown that SlpA varies among C. difficile strains. In this study, we used the SlpA sequence-based typing system (SlpAST) for the molecular genotyping of C. difficile clinical isolates identified in Iran; the PCR ribotypes (RTs) and toxin profiles of the isolates were also characterized. Forty-eight C. difficile isolates were obtained from diarrheal patients, and characterized by capillary electrophoresis (CE) PCR ribotyping and the detection of toxin genes. In addition, the genetic diversity of the slpA gene was investigated by Sanger sequencing. The most common RTs were RT126 (20.8%), followed by RT001 (12.5%) and RT084 (10.4%). The intact PaLoc arrangement representing cdu2+/tcdR+/tcdB+/tcdE+/tcdA+/tcdC+/cdd3+ profile was the predominant pattern and cdtA and cdtB genes were found in one-third of the isolates. Using the SlpA genotyping, 12 main genotypes and 16 subtypes were identified. The SlpA type 078-1 was the most prevalent genotype (20.8%), and identified within the isolates of RT126. The yok-1, gr-1, cr-1 and kr-3 genotypes were detected in 14.5%, 12.5%, 12.5% and 8.3% of isolates, respectively. Almost all the isolates with the same RT were clustered in similar SlpA sequence types. In comparison to PCR ribotyping, SlpAST, as a simple and highly reproducible sequenced-based technique, can discriminate well between C. difficile isolates. This typing method appears to be a valuable tool for the epidemiological study of C. difficile isolates worldwide.
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- $a Noori, Maryam $u Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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- $a Clostridioides difficile is the most common causative agent of healthcare-associated diarrhea. C. difficile strains produce a crystalline surface layer protein (SlpA), encoded by the slpA gene. Previous studies have shown that SlpA varies among C. difficile strains. In this study, we used the SlpA sequence-based typing system (SlpAST) for the molecular genotyping of C. difficile clinical isolates identified in Iran; the PCR ribotypes (RTs) and toxin profiles of the isolates were also characterized. Forty-eight C. difficile isolates were obtained from diarrheal patients, and characterized by capillary electrophoresis (CE) PCR ribotyping and the detection of toxin genes. In addition, the genetic diversity of the slpA gene was investigated by Sanger sequencing. The most common RTs were RT126 (20.8%), followed by RT001 (12.5%) and RT084 (10.4%). The intact PaLoc arrangement representing cdu2+/tcdR+/tcdB+/tcdE+/tcdA+/tcdC+/cdd3+ profile was the predominant pattern and cdtA and cdtB genes were found in one-third of the isolates. Using the SlpA genotyping, 12 main genotypes and 16 subtypes were identified. The SlpA type 078-1 was the most prevalent genotype (20.8%), and identified within the isolates of RT126. The yok-1, gr-1, cr-1 and kr-3 genotypes were detected in 14.5%, 12.5%, 12.5% and 8.3% of isolates, respectively. Almost all the isolates with the same RT were clustered in similar SlpA sequence types. In comparison to PCR ribotyping, SlpAST, as a simple and highly reproducible sequenced-based technique, can discriminate well between C. difficile isolates. This typing method appears to be a valuable tool for the epidemiological study of C. difficile isolates worldwide.
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