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Prophylactic vaccines against cancers of non-infectious origin: a dream or a real possibility
V. Vonka, I. Hirsch
Language English Country Czech Republic
Document type Journal Article
Digital library NLK
Source
E-resources NLK Online Full text
Free Medical Journals from 2004ProQuest Central from 2009-03-01 to 6 months ago
Medline Complete (EBSCOhost) from 2006-03-01 to 6 months ago
Nursing & Allied Health Database (ProQuest) from 2009-03-01 to 6 months ago
Health & Medicine (ProQuest) from 2009-03-01 to 6 months ago
Public Health Database (ProQuest) from 2009-03-01 to 6 months ago
Links
PubMed
35026062
DOI
10.21101/cejph.a7219
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- MeSH
- Papillomavirus Infections * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Melanoma * MeSH
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms * MeSH
- Pancreatic Neoplasms * MeSH
- Vaccination MeSH
- Papillomavirus Vaccines * MeSH
- Vaccines * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
The dramatic progress in tumour biology and immunology in the past several years has opened new avenues for the treatment and prevention of cancer. One of the great contributions of the immunotherapeutic approaches is an increasing understanding of the immunology of cancer, which is, gradually creating conditions for the development of prophylactic anti-cancer vaccines. Efficient vaccines have been developed and employed for the prophylaxis of two frequent cancers of viral origin, namely cervical cancer and liver cancer. The new knowledge on the interactions between the immune system and the malignant tumors seems to provide means for the development of prophylactic vaccines against cancers developing due to the mutations in the proto-oncogenes converting their products into oncoproteins. According to the present estimates, these cancers form a great majority of human malignancies. Recent evidence has indicated that the immune system recognizes such mutated proteins, and that the development of cancer is due to the failure of the immune system to eliminate neoplastic cells. Followingly, it can be expected that inducing immunity against the mutated epitopes will increase the capacity of the body to deal with the initiated precancerous cells. In the present paper this hypothesis is primarily discussed in the relationship with colorectal cancer (CRC), which seems to be a well-fitting candidate for prophylactic vaccination. CRC is the third most frequent malignancy and the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality. Mutations of two proto-oncogenes, namely RAS and RAF, are involved in the majority of CRC cases and, in addition, they are shared with other human malignancies. Therefore, the strategy to be used for prophylaxis of CRC is discussed together with several other frequent human cancers, namely lung cancer, pancreatic duct cancer and melanoma. The prophylactic vaccines proposed are aimed at the reduction of the incidence of these and, to a lesser extent, some other cancers.
Literatura
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