Although lipids are crucial molecules for cell structure, metabolism, and signaling in most organs, they have additional specific functions in the skin. Lipids are required for the maintenance and regulation of the epidermal barrier, physical properties of the skin, and defense against microbes. Analysis of the lipidome-the totality of lipids-is of similar complexity to those of proteomics or other omics, with lipid structures ranging from simple, linear, to highly complex structures. In addition, the ordering and chemical modifications of lipids have consequences on their biological function, especially in the skin. Recent advances in analytic capability (usually with mass spectrometry), bioinformatic processing, and integration with other dermatological big data have allowed researchers to increasingly understand the roles of specific lipid species in skin biology. In this paper, we review the techniques used to analyze skin lipidomics and epilipidomics.

Austrian Cluster of Tissue Regeneration Vienna Austria

Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine Leipzig University Leipzig Germany

Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Analytical Imaging of Aging and Senescence Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria

Department of Bioinformatics NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Maastricht Netherlands

Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary

Department of Dermatology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria

Department of Metabolic Diseases University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht Netherlands

Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Charles University Hradec Králové Czech Republic

Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy Leipzig University Leipzig Germany

Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics TU Wien Vienna Austria

Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology Maastricht University Maastricht Netherlands

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$a Sochorová, Michaela $u Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Analytical Imaging of Aging and Senescence (SKINMAGINE), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

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$a Research Techniques Made Simple: Lipidomic Analysis in Skin Research / $c M. Sochorová, K. Vávrová, M. Fedorova, Z. Ni, D. Slenter, M. Kutmon, EL. Willighagen, S. Letsiou, D. Töröcsik, M. Marchetti-Deschmann, S. Zoratto, C. Kremslehner, F. Gruber

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$a Although lipids are crucial molecules for cell structure, metabolism, and signaling in most organs, they have additional specific functions in the skin. Lipids are required for the maintenance and regulation of the epidermal barrier, physical properties of the skin, and defense against microbes. Analysis of the lipidome-the totality of lipids-is of similar complexity to those of proteomics or other omics, with lipid structures ranging from simple, linear, to highly complex structures. In addition, the ordering and chemical modifications of lipids have consequences on their biological function, especially in the skin. Recent advances in analytic capability (usually with mass spectrometry), bioinformatic processing, and integration with other dermatological big data have allowed researchers to increasingly understand the roles of specific lipid species in skin biology. In this paper, we review the techniques used to analyze skin lipidomics and epilipidomics.

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$a Vávrová, Kateřina $u Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

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$a Fedorova, Maria $u Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany

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$a Ni, Zhixu $u Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany

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$a Slenter, Denise $u Department of Bioinformatics (BiGCaT), NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands

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$a Kutmon, Martina $u Department of Bioinformatics (BiGCaT), NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands

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$a Willighagen, Egon L $u Department of Bioinformatics (BiGCaT), NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands

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$a Töröcsik, Daniel $u Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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$a Marchetti-Deschmann, Martina $u Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Analytical Imaging of Aging and Senescence (SKINMAGINE), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien (Vienna University of Technology), Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster of Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria

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$a Zoratto, Samuele $u Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Analytical Imaging of Aging and Senescence (SKINMAGINE), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien (Vienna University of Technology), Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster of Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria

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$a Kremslehner, Christopher $u Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Analytical Imaging of Aging and Senescence (SKINMAGINE), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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$a Gruber, Florian $u Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Analytical Imaging of Aging and Senescence (SKINMAGINE), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: florian.gruber@meduniwien.ac.at

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