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Failure of human rhombic lip differentiation underlies medulloblastoma formation

LD. Hendrikse, P. Haldipur, O. Saulnier, J. Millman, AH. Sjoboen, AW. Erickson, W. Ong, V. Gordon, L. Coudière-Morrison, AL. Mercier, M. Shokouhian, RA. Suárez, M. Ly, S. Borlase, DS. Scott, MC. Vladoiu, H. Farooq, O. Sirbu, T. Nakashima, S....

. 2022 ; 609 (7929) : 1021-1028. [pub] 20220921

Language English Country England, Great Britain

Document type Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Grant support
R01 NS095733 NINDS NIH HHS - United States
R21 NS117848 NINDS NIH HHS - United States
R37 NS095733 NINDS NIH HHS - United States
R01 CA255369 NCI NIH HHS - United States
R01 NS080390 NINDS NIH HHS - United States
R01 NS106155 NINDS NIH HHS - United States
R01 CA159859 NCI NIH HHS - United States

Medulloblastoma (MB) comprises a group of heterogeneous paediatric embryonal neoplasms of the hindbrain with strong links to early development of the hindbrain1-4. Mutations that activate Sonic hedgehog signalling lead to Sonic hedgehog MB in the upper rhombic lip (RL) granule cell lineage5-8. By contrast, mutations that activate WNT signalling lead to WNT MB in the lower RL9,10. However, little is known about the more commonly occurring group 4 (G4) MB, which is thought to arise in the unipolar brush cell lineage3,4. Here we demonstrate that somatic mutations that cause G4 MB converge on the core binding factor alpha (CBFA) complex and mutually exclusive alterations that affect CBFA2T2, CBFA2T3, PRDM6, UTX and OTX2. CBFA2T2 is expressed early in the progenitor cells of the cerebellar RL subventricular zone in Homo sapiens, and G4 MB transcriptionally resembles these progenitors but are stalled in developmental time. Knockdown of OTX2 in model systems relieves this differentiation blockade, which allows MB cells to spontaneously proceed along normal developmental differentiation trajectories. The specific nature of the split human RL, which is destined to generate most of the neurons in the human brain, and its high level of susceptible EOMES+KI67+ unipolar brush cell progenitor cells probably predisposes our species to the development of G4 MB.

2nd Department of Pediatrics Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary

Adaptive Oncology Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Toronto Ontario Canada

Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute Calgary Alberta Canada

Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades Paris France

Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine Seattle WA USA

Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre BC Cancer Agency Vancouver British Columbia Canada

Cancer Research Program McGill University Health Centre Research Institute Montreal Quebec Canada

Cancer Research Program Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Montreal Quebec Canada

CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute Winnipeg Manitoba Canada

Cansearch Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Gynecology and Obstetrics University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland

CBIO Centre for Computational Biology PSL Research University MINES ParisTech Paris France

CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Naples Italy

Center for Integrative Brain Research Seattle Children's Research Institute Seattle WA USA

Centre de Pathologie EST Groupement Hospitalier EST Université de Lyon Bron France

Charbonneau Cancer Institute University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada

Clinical Research Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle WA USA

Computational Biology Program Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Toronto Ontario Canada

Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong

Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada

Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute Atlanta GA USA

Department of Human Genetics McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA

Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada

Department of Medical Genetics University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada

Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Simon Fraser University Burnaby British Columbia Canada

Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada

Department of Molecular Oncology BC Cancer Agency Vancouver British Columbia Canada

Department of Neurological Surgery University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA

Department of Neurological Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA USA

Department of Neurological Surgery Vanderbilt Medical Center Nashville TN USA

Department of Neurology Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands

Department of Neurology University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA

Department of Neurology Vanderbilt Medical Center Nashville TN USA

Department of Neurosurgery Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School Hwasun gun South Korea

Department of Neurosurgery Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery Seoul National University Children's Hospital Seoul South Korea

Department of Neurosurgery Duke University Durham NC USA

Department of Neurosurgery Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez Mexico City Mexico

Department of Neurosurgery Kitasato University School of Medicine Sagamihara Japan

Department of Neurosurgery University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA

Department of Neurosurgery University of Ulsan Asan Medical Center Seoul South Korea

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Hamilton General Hospital Hamilton Ontario Canada

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada

Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine Division of Anatomical Pathology McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada

Department of Pathology Cedars Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CA USA

Department of Pathology Duke University Durham NC USA

Department of Pathology Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands

Department of Pathology St Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis TN USA

Department of Pathology The Children's Memorial Health Institute Warsaw Poland

Department of Pathology University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA

Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery Santobono Pausilipon Children's Hospital Naples Italy

Department of Pediatric Oncology Hematology Immunology and Pulmonology University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany

Department of Pediatric Oncology Masaryk University School of Medicine Brno Czech Republic

Department of Pediatrics and Child Health and Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada

Department of Pediatrics Hematology and Oncology Case Western Reserve Cleveland OH USA

Department of Pediatrics University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA

Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado Denver Aurora CO USA

Department of Surgery and Anatomy Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil

Department of Surgery Division of Thoracic and Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Faculty of Medicine McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada

Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong

Department of Tumor Cell Biology St Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis TN USA

Departments of Neuroscience Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis St Louis MO USA

Departments of Pathology Ophthalmology and Oncology John Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA

Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada

Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada

Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Esplugues de Llobregat Barcelona Spain

Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche University of Naples Federico 2 Naples Italy

Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research National Cancer Center Research Institute Tokyo Japan

Division of Haematology Oncology Department of Pediatrics The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada

Division of Neurosurgery Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte Hospital de Santa Maria Lisbon Portugal

Division of Neurosurgery The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada

Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology Hospital Pediatría Centro Médico Nacional century XXI Mexico City Mexico

Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA

Division of Pediatric Neurooncology German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg Germany

Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery Case Western Reserve Cleveland OH USA

Division of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Department of Women Child and Adolescent University Geneva Hospitals Geneva Switzerland

Division of Stem Cell Research Institute for Clinical Research Osaka National Hospital Osaka Japan

Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Milan Italy

INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR5292 Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences Université de Lyon Lyon France

INSERM U830 Institut Curie Paris France

INSERM U900 Institut Curie Paris France

Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal

Instituto Nacional De Pediatría de México Mexico City Mexico

Lady Davis Research Institute Jewish General Hospital Montreal Quebec Canada

McGill University Genome Centre McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada

Pediatrics Virginia Commonwealthy University School of Medicine Richmond VA USA

Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada

PSL Research University Institut Curie Paris France

PSL Research University Université Paris Sud Université Paris Saclay CNRS UMR 3347 INSERM U1021 Institut Curie Orsay France

SIREDO Oncology Center Institut Curie Paris France

Surgical Pathology Unit San Camillo Forlanini Hospital Rome Italy

The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada

The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center Montreal Quebec Canada

Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program NCI Designated Cancer Center Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute La Jolla CA USA

U O Neurochirurgia Istituto Giannina Gaslini Genova Italy

Unit of Somatic Genetics Institut Curie Paris France

Université Paris Cité Paris France

UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Pittsburgh PA USA

References provided by Crossref.org

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700    1_
$a Shofuda, Tomoko $u Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
700    1_
$a Vibhakar, Rajeev $u Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA $1 https://orcid.org/0000000259493896
700    1_
$a Thompson, Reid C $u Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
700    1_
$a Cooper, Michael K $u Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
700    1_
$a Rubin, Joshua B $u Departments of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA $1 https://orcid.org/0000000273951937
700    1_
$a Kumabe, Toshihiro $u Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
700    1_
$a Jung, Shin $u Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, South Korea
700    1_
$a Lach, Boleslaw $u Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Anatomical Pathology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada $u Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
700    1_
$a Iolascon, Achille $u Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy $u CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
700    1_
$a Ferrucci, Veronica $u Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy $u CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
700    1_
$a de Antonellis, Pasqualino $u Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy $u CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
700    1_
$a Zollo, Massimo $u Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy $u CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy $1 https://orcid.org/0000000209707243
700    1_
$a Cinalli, Giuseppe $u Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
700    1_
$a Robinson, Shenandoah $u Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve, Cleveland, OH, USA
700    1_
$a Stearns, Duncan S $u Department of Pediatrics-Hematology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve, Cleveland, OH, USA
700    1_
$a Van Meir, Erwin G $u Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
700    1_
$a Porrati, Paola $u Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
700    1_
$a Finocchiaro, Gaetano $u Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
700    1_
$a Massimino, Maura $u Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
700    1_
$a Carlotti, Carlos G $u Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
700    1_
$a Faria, Claudia C $u Division of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal $u Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
700    1_
$a Roussel, Martine F $u Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA $1 https://orcid.org/0000000217408139
700    1_
$a Boop, Frederick $u Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
700    1_
$a Chan, Jennifer A $u Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
700    1_
$a Aldinger, Kimberly A $u Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA $u Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA $1 https://orcid.org/0000000254068911
700    1_
$a Razavi, Ferechte $u Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
700    1_
$a Silvestri, Evelina $u Surgical Pathology Unit, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
700    1_
$a McLendon, Roger E $u Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA $u Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
700    1_
$a Thompson, Eric M $u Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA $1 https://orcid.org/0000000327969914
700    1_
$a Ansari, Marc $u Cansearch Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland $u Division of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, University Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
700    1_
$a Garre, Maria L $u U.O. Neurochirurgia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
700    1_
$a Chico, Fernando $u Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico
700    1_
$a Eguía, Pilar $u Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico $1 https://orcid.org/0000000303858902
700    1_
$a Pérezpeña, Mario $u Instituto Nacional De Pediatría de México, Mexico City, Mexico $1 https://orcid.org/0000000210077744
700    1_
$a Morrissy, A Sorana $u Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada $u Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada $u Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
700    1_
$a Cavalli, Florence M G $u INSERM U900, Institut Curie, Paris, France $u PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France $u CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, PSL Research University, MINES ParisTech, Paris, France
700    1_
$a Wu, Xiaochong $u The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
700    1_
$a Daniels, Craig $u The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
700    1_
$a Rich, Jeremy N $u UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
700    1_
$a Jones, Steven J M $u Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada $u Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada $u Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada $1 https://orcid.org/0000000333942208
700    1_
$a Moore, Richard A $u Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
700    1_
$a Marra, Marco A $u Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada $u Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada $1 https://orcid.org/0000000171467175
700    1_
$a Huang, Xi $u The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $1 https://orcid.org/0000000271777525
700    1_
$a Reimand, Jüri $u Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $1 https://orcid.org/0000000222992309
700    1_
$a Sorensen, Poul H $u Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada $u Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
700    1_
$a Wechsler-Reya, Robert J $u Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA $1 https://orcid.org/0000000274638352
700    1_
$a Weiss, William A $u Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA $u Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA $u Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
700    1_
$a Pugh, Trevor J $u Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
700    1_
$a Garzia, Livia $u Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
700    1_
$a Kleinman, Claudia L $u Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada $u Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada $1 https://orcid.org/0000000251587126
700    1_
$a Stein, Lincoln D $u Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Adaptive Oncology, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
700    1_
$a Jabado, Nada $u Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada $u The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada $1 https://orcid.org/0000000324853692
700    1_
$a Malkin, David $u Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $1 https://orcid.org/0000000157529763
700    1_
$a Ayrault, Olivier $u PSL Research University, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, Institut Curie, Orsay, France $1 https://orcid.org/0000000279426674
700    1_
$a Golden, Jeffrey A $u Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
700    1_
$a Ellison, David W $u Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
700    1_
$a Doble, Brad $u Department of Pediatrics and Child Health and Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada $1 https://orcid.org/0000000202602983
700    1_
$a Ramaswamy, Vijay $u The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $u Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada $1 https://orcid.org/000000026557895X
700    1_
$a Werbowetski-Ogilvie, Tamra E $u Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada $u CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada $1 https://orcid.org/0000000254690559
700    1_
$a Suzuki, Hiromichi $u Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan $1 https://orcid.org/0000000288580294
700    1_
$a Millen, Kathleen J $u Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA $1 https://orcid.org/000000019978675X
700    1_
$a Taylor, Michael D $u The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. mdt.cns@gmail.com $u Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. mdt.cns@gmail.com $u Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. mdt.cns@gmail.com $u Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. mdt.cns@gmail.com $u Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. mdt.cns@gmail.com
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