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Advancements in risk stratification and management strategies in primary cardiovascular prevention
F. Barkas, YZ. Sener, PA. Golforoush, A. Kheirkhah, E. Rodriguez-Sanchez, J. Novak, M. Apellaniz-Ruiz, RK. Akyea, V. Bianconi, A. Ceasovschih, YJ. Chee, M. Cherska, JR. Chora, M. D'Oria, N. Demikhova, D. Kocyigit Burunkaya, A. Rimbert, C. Macchi,...
Jazyk angličtina Země Irsko
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, přehledy, práce podpořená grantem
- MeSH
- ateroskleróza prevence a kontrola diagnóza MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci prevence a kontrola diagnóza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- primární prevence * metody MeSH
- rizikové faktory kardiovaskulárních chorob MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for advancements in risk assessment and management strategies. Although significant progress has been made recently, identifying and managing apparently healthy individuals at a higher risk of developing atherosclerosis and those with subclinical atherosclerosis still poses significant challenges. Traditional risk assessment tools have limitations in accurately predicting future events and fail to encompass the complexity of the atherosclerosis trajectory. In this review, we describe novel approaches in biomarkers, genetics, advanced imaging techniques, and artificial intelligence that have emerged to address this gap. Moreover, polygenic risk scores and imaging modalities such as coronary artery calcium scoring, and coronary computed tomography angiography offer promising avenues for enhancing primary cardiovascular risk stratification and personalised intervention strategies. On the other hand, interventions aiming against atherosclerosis development or promoting plaque regression have gained attention in primary ASCVD prevention. Therefore, the potential role of drugs like statins, ezetimibe, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, omega-3 fatty acids, antihypertensive agents, as well as glucose-lowering and anti-inflammatory drugs are also discussed. Since findings regarding the efficacy of these interventions vary, further research is still required to elucidate their mechanisms of action, optimize treatment regimens, and determine their long-term effects on ASCVD outcomes. In conclusion, advancements in strategies addressing atherosclerosis prevention and plaque regression present promising avenues for enhancing primary ASCVD prevention through personalised approaches tailored to individual risk profiles. Nevertheless, ongoing research efforts are imperative to refine these strategies further and maximise their effectiveness in safeguarding cardiovascular health.
Aachen Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany
Barts Interventional Group Barts Heart Centre St Bartholomew's Hospital London United Kingdom
Cardiology Clinic Ankara Bilkent City Hospital Ankara Turkey
Cardiology Department Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyiv Ukraine
Cardiovascular Center Aalst OLV Clinic Aalst Belgium
Centre for Academic Primary Care School of Medicine University of Nottingham United Kingdom
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Catania Catania Italy
Department of Endocrinology Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore
Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey
Department of Laboratory Medicine Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Perugia Italy
Department of Medicine University of Padova Italy
Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention Ludwig Maximilians University Munich 80336 Munich Germany
Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany
Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara Timisoara Romania
Institute of Genetic Epidemiology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany
Internal Medicine Department Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi Romania
Laboratory of Physiopharmacology University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium
Nantes Université CNRS INSERM l'institut du Thorax Nantes France
Sumy State University Sumy Ukraine
Tallinn University of Technology Tallinn Estonia
The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute University College London London United Kingdom
Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara Romania
Citace poskytuje Crossref.org
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- $a Barkas, Fotios $u Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece. Electronic address: f.barkas@uoi.gr
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- $a Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for advancements in risk assessment and management strategies. Although significant progress has been made recently, identifying and managing apparently healthy individuals at a higher risk of developing atherosclerosis and those with subclinical atherosclerosis still poses significant challenges. Traditional risk assessment tools have limitations in accurately predicting future events and fail to encompass the complexity of the atherosclerosis trajectory. In this review, we describe novel approaches in biomarkers, genetics, advanced imaging techniques, and artificial intelligence that have emerged to address this gap. Moreover, polygenic risk scores and imaging modalities such as coronary artery calcium scoring, and coronary computed tomography angiography offer promising avenues for enhancing primary cardiovascular risk stratification and personalised intervention strategies. On the other hand, interventions aiming against atherosclerosis development or promoting plaque regression have gained attention in primary ASCVD prevention. Therefore, the potential role of drugs like statins, ezetimibe, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, omega-3 fatty acids, antihypertensive agents, as well as glucose-lowering and anti-inflammatory drugs are also discussed. Since findings regarding the efficacy of these interventions vary, further research is still required to elucidate their mechanisms of action, optimize treatment regimens, and determine their long-term effects on ASCVD outcomes. In conclusion, advancements in strategies addressing atherosclerosis prevention and plaque regression present promising avenues for enhancing primary ASCVD prevention through personalised approaches tailored to individual risk profiles. Nevertheless, ongoing research efforts are imperative to refine these strategies further and maximise their effectiveness in safeguarding cardiovascular health.
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