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Preliminary pharmacokinetic and psychophysical investigations after controlled oral and inhalative consumption of hexahydrocannabinol (HHC)
L. Höfert, B. Franz, C. Groß, D. Kuntze, B. Jurásek, M. Kuchař, J. Dreßler, S. Becker, S. Baumann
Jazyk angličtina Země Anglie, Velká Británie
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články
NLK
Directory of Open Access Journals
od 2011
Free Medical Journals
od 2011
Nature Open Access
od 2011-12-01
PubMed Central
od 2011
Europe PubMed Central
od 2011
ProQuest Central
od 2011-01-01
Open Access Digital Library
od 2011-01-01
Open Access Digital Library
od 2011-01-01
Health & Medicine (ProQuest)
od 2011-01-01
ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
od 2011
Springer Nature OA/Free Journals
od 2011-12-01
- MeSH
- agonisté kanabinoidních receptorů farmakokinetika farmakologie MeSH
- aplikace inhalační * MeSH
- aplikace orální * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- emoce účinky léků MeSH
- farmakokinetika * MeSH
- imunologické testy MeSH
- kanabinoidy * analýza krev farmakokinetika farmakologie moč MeSH
- kapalinová chromatografie-hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- psychofyziologie * MeSH
- psychotropní léky * analýza krev farmakokinetika farmakologie moč MeSH
- sliny chemie MeSH
- tetrahydrokanabinol farmakokinetika farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The semi-synthetic cannabinoid hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) has become a highly discussed topic in forensic toxicology since 2022 due to its legal availability at this time and its psychoactive effects. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics, effects, and immunological detectability of HHC after oral (25 mg HHC fruit gum) and inhalative (three puffs from HHC vape) consumption with three participants per group. Serum (up to 48 h), urine (up to five days), and saliva (up to 48 h) samples were collected at different relevant time points and analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS for (9R)/(9S)-HHC, 11-hydroxy-HHC, and (9R)/(9S)-HHC carboxylic acid with a fully validated method. Additionally, immunological detectability was investigated with three different commercially available tests. To address the psychoactive effects, the subjective "high" feeling (scale 0-10) was monitored and different psychophysical tests (e.g. modified Romberg test, walk and turn) were conducted. Overall, the pharmacokinetics and effects of HHC were comparable to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). However, the route of administration as well as inter-individual factors played a crucial role regarding maximum concentrations, pharmacokinetic profiles, and psychoactive effects.
Citace poskytuje Crossref.org
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