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Chitinase-3-Like 1 Protein (CHI3L1) Levels in Patients With Cognitive Deficits and Movement Disorders: Comparison With Other Biomarkers

R. Novobilský, P. Bártová, D. Stejskal, A. Kondé, M. Bar, P. Kušnierová

. 2025 ; 15 (6) : e70619. [pub] -

Language English Country United States

Document type Journal Article, Comparative Study

Persistent link   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc25015404

Grant support
reference number 340/2021 Ministerstvo Zdravotnictví Ceské Republiky

INTRODUCTION: Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a glycoprotein implicated in various neurological conditions. It is associated with neuroinflammation and tissue remodeling. The study aimed to validate the reference interval (RI) of serum (S) CHI3L1 in a control group, to correlate S CHI3L1 values with other biomarkers of neurodegenerative damage, and to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of S CHI3L1. METHODS: Samples from 108 healthy volunteers were used to estimate the S CHI3L1 RI. For the comparison, we used cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum (S) samples from 121 patients with cognitive disorders, and cognitive deterioration was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). ELISA assays were used to determine the S CHI3L1, CSF, and S neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels; CSF and plasma β-amyloid peptide42; CSF and plasma β-amyloid peptide40; CSF total tau protein; CSF phosphorylated tau protein; and CSF alpha-synuclein. RESULTS: The estimated RI of S CHI3L1 was 14.44 to 63.11 μg/L. The cut-off value of S CHI3L1 was 34.37 μg/L. ROC analysis showed that S CHI3L1 has 81.4% sensitivity and 76.9% specificity. We found a moderate Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between the S CHI3L1 and age (rS = 0.486; p < 0.001) and between S CHI3L1 and S NfL (rS = 0.489; p < 0.001) in all groups. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant overall difference in S CHI3L1 among diagnostic groups (p = 0.013). S CHI3L1 and CSF NfL had statistically significant effects on MMSE values (multiple R2 was 0.431). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that S CHI3L1 reflects the severity of cognitive deficits assessed by MMSE. It can be used as a supportive biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases.

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$a INTRODUCTION: Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a glycoprotein implicated in various neurological conditions. It is associated with neuroinflammation and tissue remodeling. The study aimed to validate the reference interval (RI) of serum (S) CHI3L1 in a control group, to correlate S CHI3L1 values with other biomarkers of neurodegenerative damage, and to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of S CHI3L1. METHODS: Samples from 108 healthy volunteers were used to estimate the S CHI3L1 RI. For the comparison, we used cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum (S) samples from 121 patients with cognitive disorders, and cognitive deterioration was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). ELISA assays were used to determine the S CHI3L1, CSF, and S neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels; CSF and plasma β-amyloid peptide42; CSF and plasma β-amyloid peptide40; CSF total tau protein; CSF phosphorylated tau protein; and CSF alpha-synuclein. RESULTS: The estimated RI of S CHI3L1 was 14.44 to 63.11 μg/L. The cut-off value of S CHI3L1 was 34.37 μg/L. ROC analysis showed that S CHI3L1 has 81.4% sensitivity and 76.9% specificity. We found a moderate Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between the S CHI3L1 and age (rS = 0.486; p < 0.001) and between S CHI3L1 and S NfL (rS = 0.489; p < 0.001) in all groups. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant overall difference in S CHI3L1 among diagnostic groups (p = 0.013). S CHI3L1 and CSF NfL had statistically significant effects on MMSE values (multiple R2 was 0.431). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that S CHI3L1 reflects the severity of cognitive deficits assessed by MMSE. It can be used as a supportive biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases.
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