Efektívne identifikovanie rizika vývinovej ťažkosti dieťaťa vyžaduje dostupnú sieť skríningových nástrojov vypĺňaných rodičom. Cieľom prehľadovej štúdie bolo zhromaždiť vývinové skríningy vypĺňané rodičom a predstaviť skríning používaný na Slovensku. Systematický prehľad bol realizovaný metodológiou PRISMA s využitím kľúčového slova „developmental screening“. Skríningy rodičovského posúdenia z troch prehľadových štúdií boli osobitne dohľadané. Kritériám zodpovedalo 10 skríningov zameraných najčastejšie na oblasť reči, motoriky a socializácie dieťaťa. Skríningy nezahŕňali obavy rodiča a špecifické prejavy správania dieťaťa, ktoré sú silnými stránkami slovenskej metódy S-PMV. Zhromaždenie skríningov rodičovského posúdenia vývinu môže byť užitočné pre odborníkov na raný vývin dieťaťa.

Introduction: The early detection of developmental delays and developmental difficulties in children is crucial for monitoring their psychomotor development. By identifying these children as early as possible, they can receive suitable interventions. The parent, being in daily interaction with the child, is considered as a reliable assessor of psycho- motor development. Effective assessment of a child’s psychomotor development requires an accessible network of screening tools completed by parents. The aim of this systematic review study was to gather developmental screenings completed by parents that allow an efficient assessment of a child’s psychomotor development in its complexity, and to present a screening tool used in Slovakia. Methods: A systematic review of parental developmental screenings was conducted through the PUBMED database using the keyword “developmental screening” and PRISMA approach. One review study met the established criteria, supplemented by two additional studies from non-database sources. After establishing criteria from the identified reviews, the parental screenings were separately searched for. Criteria included: 1. The requirement for the screening to be completed entirely by a parent or caregiver; 2. The inclusion of at least three aspects of development in the screening, avoiding a narrow focus on a single developmental domain (e.g., language only); 3. The targeting of early childhood development, specifically from birth to 36 months; 4. The screening had to be applicable for a minimum age range of 12 months, allowing for longitudinal tracking of the child’s progress. Consequently, based on these criteria, 10 screenings were excluded from the analysis. Results: The study identified 10 screenings that specifically targeted various areas of psychomotor development. Among the identified screenings, the majority focused on assessing the child’s motor skills, speech, and socialization. Some screenings also covered other areas such as self-care, self-regulation, cognitive development, learning, and health indicators. The duration of completion varied between 2 and 30 minutes, depending on the number of items and the specific developmental domains being assessed. The target population for these screenings consisted of children in the early stages of development, typically ranging from the first few months after birth to 36 months of age. The screening used in Slovakia is known as the set of 10 screening tools S-PMV. Screening is a combination of various methods, and its strength lies in focusing not only on the developmental functioning of the child but also on specific behavior patterns and parental concerns. Discussion: Developmental screenings contribute to the early detection of potential developmental delays in multiple areas, particularly in language, motor and socio-emotional functioning. In our study, we highlighted several parental screenings that contribute to the accurate detection of potential developmental delays or disorders across specific developmental domains. The screening used in Slovakia (S-PMV) is a method that has not been translated into the English language, but it provides comprehensive information about a child’s development in collaboration with parents, and thus, we believe it can compete with other foreign methods. Conclusion: An overview of parental psychomotor screening tools is valuable for professionals who specialize in children’s psychomotor development, as they can assess multiple areas of a child’s development in collaboration with the parent. This systematic review is intended for summarizing screenings and describing the strengths and weaknesses of the most commonly used screenings.

Katedra psychologických vied Fakulta sociálnych vied a٫zdravotníctva Univerzita Konštantína Filozofa v Nitre

Parental Assessment of Early Psychomotor Development in Children: Overview of Screening Tools for Use in Pediatric Practice

Citace poskytuje Crossref.org

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