Removal of trace elements in three horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetlands in the Czech Republic
Language English Country Great Britain, England Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PubMed
19124182
DOI
10.1016/j.envpol.2008.12.003
PII: S0269-7491(08)00674-X
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- MeSH
- Water Pollutants, Chemical * analysis MeSH
- Water Purification methods MeSH
- Wetlands MeSH
- Waste Disposal, Fluid methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Environmental Restoration and Remediation methods MeSH
- Metals, Heavy * analysis MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Water Pollutants, Chemical * MeSH
- Metals, Heavy * MeSH
Between March 2006 and June 2008 removal of 34 trace elements was measured on a monthly basis at three horizontal-flow constructed wetlands in the Czech Republic designed to treat municipal wastewater. In general, the results indicated a very wide range of removal efficiencies among studied elements. The highest degree of removal (average of 90%) was found for aluminum. High average removal was also recorded for zinc (78%). Elements removed in the range of 50-75% were uranium, antimony, copper, lead, molybdenum, chromium, barium, iron and gallium. Removal of cadmium, tin, mercury, silver, selenium and nickel varied between 25 and 50%. Low retention (0-25%) was observed for vanadium, lithium, boron, cobalt and strontium. There were two elements (manganese and arsenic) for which average outflow concentrations were higher compared to inflow concentrations. Reduced manganese compounds are very soluble and therefore they are washed out under anaerobic conditions.
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