Fungal nitrilases as biocatalysts: Recent developments
Language English Country Great Britain, England Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review
PubMed
19427375
DOI
10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.04.027
PII: S0734-9750(09)00075-5
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- MeSH
- Aminohydrolases metabolism MeSH
- Biocatalysis MeSH
- Species Specificity MeSH
- Fungi classification enzymology MeSH
- Enzyme Stability MeSH
- Substrate Specificity MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Aminohydrolases MeSH
- nitrilase MeSH Browser
Of the numerous putative fungal nitrilases available from protein databases only a few enzymes were purified and characterized. The purified nitrilases from Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis and Aspergillus niger share a preference for (hetero)aromatic nitriles, temperature optima between 40 and 50 degrees C and pH optima in the slightly alkaline region. On the other hand, they differ in their chemoselectivity, i.e. their tendency to produce amides as by-products. The production of fungal nitrilases is increased by up to three orders of magnitude on the addition of 2-cyanopyridine to the culture media. The whole-cell and subcellular biocatalysts were immobilized by various methods (LentiKats(R); adsorption on hydrophobic or ion exchange resins; cross-linked enzyme aggregates). Operational stability was examined using continuous stirred membrane bioreactors. Fungal nitrilases appear promising for biocatalytic applications and biodegradation of nitrile environmental contaminants.
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