DNA topoisomerase IIβ: a player in regulation of gene expression and cell differentiation
Language English Country Netherlands Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PubMed
22465709
DOI
10.1016/j.biocel.2012.03.005
PII: S1357-2725(12)00082-9
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- MeSH
- Cell Differentiation physiology MeSH
- DNA-Binding Proteins physiology MeSH
- DNA Topoisomerases, Type II physiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Gene Expression Regulation physiology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Names of Substances
- DNA-Binding Proteins MeSH
- DNA Topoisomerases, Type II MeSH
DNA topoisomerases II regulate conformational changes in DNA topology. They act on double-stranded DNA, catalyzing its relaxation, decatenation and unknotting. Vertebrate cells express two isoforms of topoisomerase II, which are similar in structure, but different in function and regulation. Whereas the alpha isoform is indispensable for proper cell replication, the functions of the beta isoform as well as reasons for its evolution in vertebrates were long unclear. Unlike topoisomerase II alpha, the beta isoform is predominantly expressed in quiescent cells and has been implicated mainly in the process of gene transcription. Recently, new discoveries point on the role of the topoisomerase II beta in regulation of cellular differentiation and tissue development. Furthermore, contemporary discoveries are raising possibilities for novel therapeutic approaches involving selective targeting of either topoisomerase II isoform in potentiating antitumor and/or reducing adverse effects of topoisomerase II poisons.
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