Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions Australia; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Land and Water Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia;

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions Australia; Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia;

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions Australia; Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia; School of Botany University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia; Department of Ecology Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota Saint Paul MN 55108;

Bio Protection Research Centre Lincoln University Lincoln 7647 New Zealand;

Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Matieland 7602 South Africa; and

Department of Environmental Studies and Centre for Environmental Management of Degraded Ecosystems University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India;

Department of Invasion Ecology Institute of Botany Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic CZ 25243 Průhonice Czech Republic; Department of Ecology Charles University Prague CZ 12844 Prague Czech Republic;

Department of Plant Pathology Physiology and Weed Science Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061;

Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity Santiago 7800024 Chile;

Faculty of Law University of Technology Sydney NSW 2007 Australia

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Nov 18;111(46):16622-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1409347111. PubMed

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Apr 7;112(14):E1695. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1424707112. PubMed

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Proença V, Aguiar C, Domingos T. Highly productive sown biodiverse pastures with low invasion risk. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2015;112:E1695. PubMed PMC

Driscoll DA, et al. New pasture plants intensify invasive species risk. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2014;111(46):16622–16627. PubMed PMC

Vila M, et al. Widespread resistance of Mediterranean island ecosystems to the establishment of three alien species. Divers Distrib. 2008;14(5):839–851.

Richardson DM, Allsopp N, D’Antonio CM, Milton SJ, Rejmánek M. Plant invasions—The role of mutualisms. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 2000;75(1):65–93. PubMed

Wandrag EM, Sheppard A, Duncan RP, Hulme PE. Reduced availability of rhizobia limits the performance but not invasiveness of introduced Acacia. J Ecol. 2013;101(5):1103–1113.