Sleep deprivation (SD) has become a relevant health problem in modern societies. We can be sleep deprived due to lifestyle habits or due to sleep disorders, such as insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and neurological disorders. One of the common element of sleep disorders is the condition of chronic SD, which has complex biological consequences. SD is capable of inducing different biological effects, such as neural autonomic control changes, increased oxidative stress, altered inflammatory and coagulatory responses and accelerated atherosclerosis. All these mechanisms links SD and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Epidemiological studies have shown that short sleep duration is associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, arrhythmias, diabetes and obesity, after adjustment for socioeconomic and demographic risk factors and comorbidities. Thus, an early assessment of a condition of SD and its treatment is clinically relevant to prevent the harmful consequences of a very common condition in adult population.

C Munari Center of Epilepsy Surgery Niguarda Hospital Milan Italy

Department of Internal Medicine L Sacco Hospital Milan Italy

Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Heart Hospital of Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA

Fondazione IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy

Fondazione IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan Milan Italy

Fondazione IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan Milan Italy; International Clinical Research Center St Anne University Hospital Brno Czech Republic

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