UNLABELLED: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction occurs almost with the same frequency as heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. The diagnosis is based on echocardiography with evidence-based ejection fraction over 50 %, or with left atrial enlargement and left ventricular hypertrophy, and specification of natriuretic peptides. BNP 35 pg/ml and NT-proBNP 125 pg/ml are considered the limits of the norm for chronic heart failure. The treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction lacks clear evidence of mortality reduction, diuretics are recommended to remove symptoms, ACE inhibitors or sartans and beta-blockers to improve the prognosis. Anticoagulation treatment is recommended for atrial fibrillation and possibly digoxin, hypolipidemics for patients in secondary prevention. An important goal of the treatment is the control of accompanying diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease. KEY WORDS: accompanying diseases - treatment - heart failure - heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-II-receptor antagonists and angiotensin-receptor blocker/neprilysin inhibitor utilization in heart failure patients: Sub-analysis of a nation-wide population-based study in the Czech Republic