Phytoestrogens and sterols in waters with cyanobacterial blooms - Analytical methods and estrogenic potencies
Jazyk angličtina Země Anglie, Velká Británie Médium print-electronic
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články
PubMed
27974267
DOI
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.006
PII: S0045-6535(16)31717-9
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- Klíčová slova
- Estrogenicity, Flavonoid, Relative estrogenic potency, Reservoir, Sterol,
- MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza MeSH
- cholestadienoly MeSH
- cholesterol analogy a deriváty MeSH
- estradiol analýza MeSH
- estrogeny analýza MeSH
- estron analýza MeSH
- fytoestrogeny analýza MeSH
- fytosteroly MeSH
- genistein analýza MeSH
- HeLa buňky MeSH
- isoflavony analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- receptory pro estrogeny metabolismus MeSH
- sinice účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- sitosteroly analýza MeSH
- sladká voda MeSH
- steroly analýza MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- voda MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- biochanin A MeSH Prohlížeč
- brassicasterol MeSH Prohlížeč
- campesterol MeSH Prohlížeč
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu MeSH
- cholestadienoly MeSH
- cholesterol MeSH
- daidzein MeSH Prohlížeč
- estradiol MeSH
- estrogeny MeSH
- estron MeSH
- formononetin MeSH Prohlížeč
- fytoestrogeny MeSH
- fytosteroly MeSH
- gamma-sitosterol MeSH Prohlížeč
- genistein MeSH
- isoflavony MeSH
- receptory pro estrogeny MeSH
- sitosteroly MeSH
- steroly MeSH
- voda MeSH
Compounds with estrogenic potencies and their adverse effects in surface waters have received much attention. Both anthropogenic and natural compounds contribute to overall estrogenic activity in freshwaters. Recently, estrogenic potencies were also found to be associated with cyanobacteria and their blooms in surface waters. The present study developed and compared the solid phase extraction and LC-MS/MS analytical approaches for determination of phytoestrogens (8 flavonoids - biochanin A, coumestrol, daidzein, equol, formononetin, genistein, naringenin, apigenin - and 5 sterols - ergosterol, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, brassicasterol) and cholesterol in water. The method was used for analyses of samples collected in stagnant water bodies dominated by different cyanobacterial species. Concentrations of individual flavonoids ranged from below the limit of detection to 3.58 ng/L. Sterols were present in higher amounts up to 2.25 μg/L. Biological potencies of these phytoestrogens in vitro were characterized using the hERα-HeLa-9903 cell line. The relative estrogenic potencies (compared to model estrogen - 17β-estradiol) of flavonoids ranged from 2.25E-05 to 1.26E-03 with coumestrol being the most potent. None of the sterols elicited estrogenic response in the used bioassay. Estrogenic activity was detected in collected field water samples (maximum effect corresponding to 2.07 ng/L of 17β-estradiol equivalents, transcriptional assay). At maximum phytoestrogens accounted for only 1.56 pg/L of 17β-estradiol equivalents, contributing maximally 8.5% of the total estrogenicity of the water samples. Other compounds therefore, most likely of anthropogenic origin such as steroid estrogens, are probably the major drivers of total estrogenic effects in these surface waters.
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