The 5th Biennial Metronomic and Anti-angiogenic Therapy Meeting was held on 6th - 8th May in the Indian city of Mumbai. The meeting brought together a wide range of clinicians and researchers interested in metronomic chemotherapy, anti-angiogenics, drug repurposing and combinations thereof. Clinical experiences, including many from India, were reported and discussed in three symposia covering breast cancer, head and neck cancers and paediatrics. On the pre-clinical side research into putative mechanisms of action, and the interactions between low dose metronomic chemotherapy and angiogenesis and immune responses, were discussed in a number of presentations. Drug repurposing was discussed both in terms of clinical results, particularly with respect to angiosarcoma and high-risk neuroblastoma, and in pre-clinical settings, particularly the potential for peri-operative interventions. However, it was clear that there remain a number of key areas of challenge, particularly in terms of definitions, perceptions in the wider oncological community, mechanisms of action and predictive biomarkers. While the potential for metronomics and drug repurposing in low and middle income countries remains a key theme, it is clear that there is also considerable potential for clinically relevant improvements in patient outcomes even in high income economies.

ACTREC Tata Memorial Centre Kharghar Navi Mumbai 410210 India

Anticancer Fund Brussels 1853 Strombeek Bever Belgium; The George Pantziarka TP53 Trust London UK

Biological Sciences Platform Sunnybrook Research Institute University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada

Dana Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA USA

Department of Biology Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA

Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel

Department of Pediatric Oncology University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Cernopolni 9 613 00 Brno Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center St Anne's University Hospital and RECAMO Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute Brno Czech Republic

Department of Radiation Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA

Division of Medical Senology European Institute of Oncology Via Ripamonti 435 20141 Milan Italy

European Institute of Oncology via Ripamonti 435 20141 Milan Italy

Helen DeVos Children's Hospital Grand Rapids Michigan USA

Inria team MONC and Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux Talence France

INSERM UMR 911 Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Biologique et Oncopharmacologie Aix Marseille University Marseille France; Metronomics Global Health Initiative Marseille France

Malabar Cancer Centre Thalassery India

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology London N1 9XW UK

PRA Health Sciences Mumbai India

Service d'hématologie et Oncologie Pédiatrique Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Timone Enfants AP HM Aix Marseille Université INSERM CRO2 UMR_S 911 Marseille France; Metronomics Global Health Initiative Marseille France

Tata Memorial Hospital Mumbai India

Tata Memorial Hospital Mumbai India; Metronomics Global Health Initiative Marseille France

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