Myxobacteria, a group of antimicrobial producing bacteria, have been successfully cultured and characterized from ten soil samples collected from different parts of Slovakia. A total of 79 myxobacteria belonging to four genera (Myxococcus, Corallococcus, Sorangium, and Polyangium) were isolated based on aspects of their life cycle. Twenty-five of them were purified, fermented, and screened for antimicrobial activities against 11 test microorganisms. Results indicated that crude extracts showed more significant activities against Gram-positive than against Gram-negative bacteria or fungi. Based on a higher degree and broader range of antimicrobial production, the two most potential extracts (K9-5, V3-1) were selected for HPLC fractionation against Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus and LC/MS analysis of potential antibiotic metabolites. The analysis resulted in the identification of polyketide-peptide antibiotics, namely corallopyronin A and B (K9-5) and myxalamid B and C (V3-1), which were responsible for important Gram-positive activity in the observed strains. A sequence similarity search through BLAST revealed that these strains showed the highest sequence similarity to Corallococcus coralloides (K9-5, NCBI accession number KX256198) and Myxococcus xanthus (V3-1, NCBI accession number KX256197). Although screening of myxobacteria is laborious, due to difficulties in isolating cultures, this research represented the first report covering the isolation and cultivation of this challenging bacterial group from Slovakian soils as well as the screening of their antimicrobial activity, cultural identification, and secondary metabolite identification.

Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences Department of Microbiology Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra Tr A Hlinku 2 949 76 Nitra Slovak Republic

Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research Microbial Strain Collection Inhoffenstraβe 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Nat Prod Rep. 2010 Sep;27(9):1276-95 PubMed

J Biotechnol. 2003 Dec 19;106(2-3):233-53 PubMed

Mol Biosyst. 2009 Jun;5(6):567-74 PubMed

J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1983 Sep;36(9):1150-6 PubMed

Appl Environ Microbiol. 1989 Jun;55(6):1346-50 PubMed

FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2000 Oct;24(4):403-27 PubMed

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2009 Aug;59(Pt 8):2122-8 PubMed

PLoS One. 2013 Aug 06;8(8):e70466 PubMed

Mol Biol Evol. 2013 Dec;30(12):2725-9 PubMed

Nature. 2009 Jan 15;457(7227):332-5 PubMed

Nat Protoc. 2008;3(2):163-75 PubMed

FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1996 Apr 1;137(2-3):227-31 PubMed

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2001 Sep;27(3):149-56 PubMed

Cell. 2008 Oct 17;135(2):295-307 PubMed

Microbiol Sci. 1986 Sep;3(9):268-74 PubMed

J Appl Microbiol. 2005;98(2):429-39 PubMed

Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1999 Jul;49 Pt 3:1255-62 PubMed

Chem Biol. 2001 Jan;8(1):59-69 PubMed

Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2013 Jun;3(6):426-35 PubMed

Chembiochem. 2010 Jun 14;11(9):1253-65 PubMed

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2006 Jul;33(7):577-88 PubMed

Microbiologyopen. 2016 Apr;5(2):268-78 PubMed

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014;58(2):950-6 PubMed

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Nov;44(11):3163-6 PubMed

FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2009 Sep;33(5):942-57 PubMed

J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1985 Feb;38(2):145-52 PubMed

J Mol Evol. 1981;17(6):368-76 PubMed

J Biol Chem. 1999 Dec 24;274(52):37391-9 PubMed

Chem Rev. 1997 Nov 10;97(7):2463-2464 PubMed