Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are bacterial polyesters which are considered biodegradable alternatives to petrochemical plastics. PHAs have a wide range of potential applications, however, the production cost of this bioplastic is several times higher. A major percentage of the final cost is represented by the price of the carbon source used in the fermentation. Burkholderia cepacia and Burkholderia sacchari are generally considered promising candidates for PHA production from lignocellulosic hydrolyzates. The wood waste biomass has been subjected to hydrolysis. The resulting hydrolyzate contained a sufficient amount of fermentable sugars. Growth experiments indicated a strong inhibition by the wood hydrolyzate. Over-liming and activated carbon as an adsorbent of inhibitors were employed for detoxification. All methods of detoxification had a positive influence on the growth of biomass and PHB production. Furthermore, lignite was identified as a promising alternative sorbent which can be used for detoxification of lignocellulose hydrolyzates. Detoxification using lignite instead of activated carbon had lower inhibitor removal efficiency, but greater positive impact on growth of the bacterial culture and overall PHA productivity. Moreover, lignite is a significantly less expensive adsorbent in comparison with activated charcoal and; moreover, used lignite can be simply utilized as a fuel to, at least partially, cover heat and energetic demands of fermentation, which should improve the economic feasibility of the process.

Faculty of Chemistry Brno University of Technology Purkynova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Steinbüchel A. Perspectives for Biotechnological Production and Utilization of Biopolymers: Metabolic Engineering of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Biosynthesis Pathways as a Successful Example. Macromol. Biosci. 2001;1:1–24. doi: 10.1002/1616-5195(200101)1:1<1::AID-MABI1>3.0.CO;2-B. DOI

Ivanov V., Stabnikov V., Ahmed Z., Dobrenko S., Saliuk A. Production and applications of crude polyhydroxyalkanoate-containing bioplastic from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015;12:725–738. doi: 10.1007/s13762-014-0505-3. DOI

Choi J., Lee S.Y. Factors affecting the economics of polyhydroxyalkanoate production by bacterial fermentation. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 1999;51:13–21. doi: 10.1007/s002530051357. DOI

Obruca S., Benesova P., Kucera D., Petrik S., Marova I. Biotechnological conversion of spent coffee grounds into polyhydroxyalkanoates and carotenoids. New Biotechnol. 2015;32:569–574. doi: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.02.008. PubMed DOI

Amidon T.E., Wood C.D., Shupe A.M., Wang Y., Graves M., Liu S. Biorefinery: Conversion of Woody Biomass to Chemicals, Energy and Materials. J. Biobased Mater. Bioenergy. 2008;2:100–120. doi: 10.1166/jbmb.2008.302. DOI

Canilha L., Kumar Chandel A., dos Santos Milessi T.S., Fernandes Antunes F.A., da Costa Freitas W.L., das Graças Almeida Fellipe M., da Silva S.S. Bioconversion of Sugarcane Biomass into Ethanol: An Overview about Composition, Pretreatment Methods, Detoxification of Hydrolysates, Enzymatic Saccharification, and Ethanol Fermentation. J. Biomed. Biotechnol. 2012;2012:1–15. doi: 10.1155/2012/989572. PubMed DOI PMC

Doskočil L., Grasset L., Enev V., Kalina L., Pekař M. Study of water-extractable fractions from South Moravian lignite. Environ. Earth Sci. 2015;73:3873–3885. doi: 10.1007/s12665-014-3671-1. DOI

Pan W., Perrotta J.A., Stipanovic A.J., Nomura C.T., Nakas J.P. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates by Burkholderia cepacia ATCC 17759 using a detoxified sugar maple hemicellulosic hydrolysate. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2012;39:459–469. doi: 10.1007/s10295-011-1040-6. PubMed DOI

Bowers T., Vaidya A., Smith D.A., Lloyd-Jones G. Softwood hydrolysate as a carbon source for polyhydroxyalkanoate production. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 2014;89:1030–1037. doi: 10.1002/jctb.4196. DOI

Silva J.A., Tobella L.M., Becerra J., Godoy F., Martínez M.A. Biosynthesis of poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate by Brevundimonas vesicularis LMG P-23615 and Sphingopyxis macrogoltabida LMG 17324 using acid-hydrolyzed sawdust as carbon source. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 2007;103:542–546. doi: 10.1263/jbb.103.542. PubMed DOI

Keenan T.M., Tanenbaum S.W., Stipanovic A.J., Nakas J.P. Production and Characterization of Poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate Copolymers from Burkholderia cepacia Utilizing Xylose and Levulinic Acid. Biotechnol. Prog. 2004;20:1697–1704. doi: 10.1021/bp049873d. PubMed DOI

Wang Y., Liu S. Production of (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid by Burkholderia cepacia from wood extract hydrolysates. AMB Express. 2014;4 doi: 10.1186/s13568-014-0028-9. PubMed DOI PMC

Ranatunga T.D., Jervis J., Helm R.F., McMillan J.D., Wooley R.J. The effect of overliming on the toxicity of dilute acid pretreated lignocellulosics: The role of inorganics, uronic acids and ether-soluble organics. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 2000;27:240–247. doi: 10.1016/S0141-0229(00)00216-7. PubMed DOI

Li H.-B., Wong C.-C., Cheng K.-W., Chen F. Antioxidant properties in vitro and total phenolic contents in methanol extracts from medicinal plants. Food Sci. Technol. 2008;41:385–390. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2007.03.011. DOI

Obruca S., Marova I., Melusova S., Mravcova L. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates from cheese whey employing Bacillus megaterium CCM 2037. Ann. Microbiol. 2011;61:947–953. doi: 10.1007/s13213-011-0218-5. DOI

Brandl H., Gross R.A., Lenz R.W., Fuller R.C. Pseudomonas oleovorans as a source of poly(beta-hydroxyalkanoates) for potential application as a biodegradable polyester. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1988;54:1977–1982. PubMed PMC

Peters D. Raw Materials. In: Ulber R., Sell D., editors. White Biotechnology. Springer; Berlin, Germany: 2007. pp. 1–30.

Obruca S., Benešová P., Maršálek L., Márová I. Use of Lignocellulosic Materials for PHA Production. Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q. 2015;29:135–144. doi: 10.15255/CABEQ.2014.2253. DOI

Wyman C.E., Decker S.R., Himmel M.E., Brady J.W., Skopec C.E., Viikari L. In: Hydrolysis of Cellulose and Hemicellulose. Dumitriu S., editor. CRC Press; New York, NY, USA: 2004. pp. 995–1034.

Obruca S., Marova I., Svoboda Z., Mikulikova R. Use of controlled exogenous stress for improvement of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) production in Cupriavidus necator. Folia Microbiol. 2010;55:17–22. doi: 10.1007/s12223-010-0003-z. PubMed DOI

Passanha P., Kedia G., Dinsdale R.M., Guwy A.J., Esteves S.R. The use of NaCl addition for the improvement of polyhydroxyalkanoate production by Cupriavidus necator. Bioresour. Technol. 2014;163:287–294. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.068. PubMed DOI

Jönsson L.J., Alriksson B., Nilvebrant N.-O. Bioconversion of lignocellulose: Inhibitors and detoxification. Biotechnol. Biofuels. 2013;6 doi: 10.1186/1754-6834-6-16. PubMed DOI PMC

Chandel A.K., da Silva S.S., Singh O.V. Detoxification of Lignocellulose Hydrolysates: Biochemical and Metabolic Engineering Toward White Biotechnology. Bioenergy Res. 2013;6:388–401. doi: 10.1007/s12155-012-9241-z. DOI

Mussatto S.I., Roberto I.C. Evaluation of nutrient supplementation to charcoal-treated and untreated rice straw hydrolysate for xylitol production by Candida guilliermondii. Braz. Arch. Biol. Technol. 2005;48:497–502. doi: 10.1590/S1516-89132005000300020. DOI

Babel S., Kurniawan T.A. Low-cost adsorbents for heavy metals uptake from contaminated water: A review. J. Hazard. Mater. 2003;97:219–243. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3894(02)00263-7. PubMed DOI

Lignite. [(accessed on 26 April 2017)]; Available online: https://www.alibaba.com.

Obruca S., Benesova P., Kucera D., Marova I. Novel Inexpensive Feedstocks from Agriculture and Industry for Microbial Polyester Production. In: Koller M., editor. Recent Advances in Biotechnology; Microbial Biopolyester Production, Performance and Processing Microbiology, Feedstocks, and Metabolism. Bentham Science; Berlin, Germany: 2016. pp. 3–99.

Parawira W., Tekere M. Biotechnological strategies to overcome inhibitors in lignocellulose hydrolysates for ethanol production: Review. Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. 2011;31:20–31. doi: 10.3109/07388551003757816. PubMed DOI

Gautam R.K., Mudhoo A., Lofrano G., Chattopadhyaya M.C. Biomass-derived biosorbents for metal ions sequestration: Adsorbent modification and activation methods and adsorbent regeneration. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2014;2:239–259. doi: 10.1016/j.jece.2013.12.019. DOI

De Gisi S., Lofrano G., Grassi M., Notarnicola M. Characteristics and adsorption capacities of low-cost sorbents for wastewater treatment: A review. Sustain. Mater. Technol. 2016;9:10–40. doi: 10.1016/j.susmat.2016.06.002. DOI

Polat H., Molva M., Polat M. Capacity and mechanism of phenol adsorption on lignite. Int. J. Miner. Process. 2006;79:264–273. doi: 10.1016/j.minpro.2006.03.003. DOI

Klucakova M., Pavlikova M. Lignitic Humic Acids as Environmentally-Friendly Adsorbent for Heavy Metals. J. Chem. 2017;2017:1–5. doi: 10.1155/2017/7169019. DOI

Robles I., Bustos E., Lakatos J. Adsorption study of mercury on lignite in the presence of different anions. Sustain. Environ. Res. 2016;26:136–141. doi: 10.1016/j.serj.2016.04.008. DOI