Reduced friction and wear of materials after the use of the carbon nanomaterials including nanodiamonds (NDs) have been confirmed by several studies in material engineering. Mechanical cleaning of the tooth surface by brush bristles should leave as little tissue roughened as possible. Higher surface roughness increases the tissue's wear and encourages the redeposition of the bacteria and the colouring agents present in the diet. Therefore, we evaluated the tooth tissues' surface's morphological changes after brushing them with the NDs suspension. Ten human teeth were brushed with the NDs aqueous suspension. The surfaces were observed using an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). We found that the nature of the tissue surface became milder and smoother. A number of selected profilometric parameters were compared before and after brushing. We observed that brushing with the suspension of NDs resulted in a significant reduction in the enamel and dentine's surface roughness both in the range of the average parameters (Ra; p-0,0019) and in the detailed parameters (Rsk; p-0,048 and Rku; p-0,036). We concluded that the NDs used in the oral hygiene applications have a potentially protective effect on the enamel and the dentine's surfaces.

Department of Electroradiology State School of Applied Sciences Ul Nowy Świat 4 62 800 Kalisz Poland

Department of Genetics and Pathology Pomeranian Medical University Ul Unii Lubelskiej 1 71 252 Szczecin Poland

Department of Material Science Technical University of Liberec Studentská 1402 2 46117 Liberec 1 Czech Republic

Doctorate Studies Pomeranian Medical University Szczecin Ul Rybacka 1 70 204 Szczecin Poland

Faculty of Technology and Education Koszalin University of Technology Ul Śniadeckich 2 75 453 Koszalin Poland

Independent Unit of Propaedeutics and Dental Physicodiagnostics Pomeranian Medical University Szczecin Al Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 70 111 Szczecin Poland

Institute for Nanomaterials Advanced Technologies and Innovation Technical University of Liberec Studentská 1402 2 46117 Liberec 1 Czech Republic

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