Metabolic responses of epiphytic lichen Ramalina farinacea to cadmium (Cd) and/or nitric oxide (NO) scavenger (cPTIO) were studied. Accumulation of Cd and other metallic nutrients was not affected by cPTIO while total and absorbed amounts differed. Cd-induced NO formation was suppressed by cPTIO but ROS signal was synergistically enhanced, confirming that NO is essential to keep ROS under control. This excessive ROS generation could be a reason for depleted amount of all fatty acids, including SFAs, MUFAs and PUFAs. Total content of fatty acids reached 3.89 mg/g DW in control with linoleic (40%), palmitic (24%), oleic (12.8%) and stearic (8%) acids as major compounds: interestingly, shift in relative ratio of saturated (from 40 to 35% of total FAs) versus polyunsaturated fatty acids (from 42 to 48% of total FAs) was observed. Glutathione was suppressed by all treatments but Krebs acids were almost unaffected by cPTIO, indicating no regulatory role of NO in their accumulation. On the contrary, Cd-induced elevation in NO signal was related to increase in ascorbate and proline content while cPTIO suppressed it, indicating a tight relation between NO and these metabolites. Data are compared also with algae and vascular plants to show similarities between various life lineages.

Department of Biology University of Trnava Priemyselná 4 918 43 Trnava Slovak Republic

Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Kamenice 753 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Plant Physiology Maria Curie Skłodowska University Akademicka 19 20 033 Lublin Poland

Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Biologiche Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali University of Messina Polo Annunziata viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy

Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Biologiche Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali University of Messina Polo Annunziata viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy; Chromaleont s r l c o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Biologiche Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali University of Messina Polo Annunziata Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy; Unit of Food Science and Nutrition Department of Medicine University Campus Bio Medico of Rome via Alvaro del Portillo 21 00128 Rome Italy

Faculty of Education University of Trnava Priemyselná 4 918 43 Trnava Slovak Republic

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