Manganese-zinc ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by using a hydrothermal treatment, coated with silica, and then tested as efficient cellular labels for cell tracking, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vivo. A toxicity study was performed on rat mesenchymal stem cells and C6 glioblastoma cells. Adverse effects on viability and cell proliferation were observed at the highest concentration (0.55 mM) only; cell viability was not compromised at lower concentrations. Nanoparticle internalization was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The particles were found in membranous vesicles inside the cytoplasm. Although the metal content (0.42 pg Fe/cell) was lower compared to commercially available iron oxide nanoparticles, labeled cells reached a comparable relaxation rate R 2, owing to higher nanoparticle relaxivity. Cells from transgenic luciferase-positive rats were used for in vivo experiments. Labeled cells were transplanted into the muscles of non-bioluminescent rats and visualized by MRI. The cells produced a distinct hypointense signal in T2- or T2*-weighted MR images in vivo. Cell viability in vivo was verified by bioluminescence.

Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University Salmovská 3 Prague Czech Republic

Department of Tissue Culture and Stem Cells Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences Vídeňská 1083 Prague Czech Republic

Experimental Medicine Centre Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Vídeňská 1958 9 Prague Czech Republic

Faculty of Chemical Engineering University of Chemistry and Technology Technická 5 Prague Czech Republic

Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 Prague Czech Republic

Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Vídeňská 1958 9 140 21 Prague Czech Republic

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