BACKGROUND: Complex cardiovascular procedures may initiate a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) with a massive cytokine release, which is involved in postoperative myocardial injury. Intraoperative cytokine hemoadsorption (HA) mitigates the inflammatory response. Micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are emerging as a marker of myocardial injury. METHODS: This study evaluated if intraoperative cytokine reduction by HA modulates SIRS and affects myocardial injury as measured by miRNA-126, 223 and miRNA-1, 133a, respectively. Twenty-eight patients were assigned into HA (n = 15) and control (C) (n = 13) groups. HA was performed by integrating CytoSorb™ into the extracorporeal circuit. RESULTS: MiRNA-133a plasma levels were increased postoperatively in both groups but were much higher in the HA group than in the C group at 3 h (P = 0.037) and 18 h (P = 0.017) after reperfusion. MiRNA-1 and miRNA-223 plasma levels were significantly increased postoperatively, but did not differ between groups. The vascular miRNA-126 was not affected. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative cytokine HA in cardiovascular operations increased the plasma levels of miRNA-133a, suggesting higher myocardial injury.

Department of Cardiac Anesthesia Centre for Cardiovascular and Transplant Surgery Pekarska 53 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Centre for Cardiovascular and Transplant Surgery Pekarska 53 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Hematological Laboratory Centre for Cardiovascular and Transplant Surgery Pekarska 53 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Molecular Genetics Centre for Cardiovascular and Transplant Surgery Pekarska 53 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Psychology Centre for Cardiovascular and Transplant Surgery Pekarska 53 Brno Czech Republic

These authors contributed equally to this manuscript

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