Owing to their high surface area, stability, and functional groups on the surface, iron oxide hydroxide nanoparticles have attracted attention as enzymatic support. In this work, a chemometric approach was performed, aiming at the optimization of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilization process on Δ-FeOOH nanoparticles (NPs). The enzyme/NPs ratio (X1), pH (X2), temperature (X3), and time (X4) were the independent variables analyzed, and immobilized enzyme activity was the response variable (Y). The effects of the factors were studied using a factorial design at two levels (-1 and 1). The biocatalyst obtained was evaluated for the ferulic acid (FA) removal, a pollutant model. The materials were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM images indicated changes in material morphology. The independent variables X1 (-0.57), X2 (0.71), and X4 (0.42) presented the significance effects estimate. The variable combinations resulted in two significance effects estimates, X1*X2 (-0.57) and X2*X4 (0.39). The immobilized HRP by optimized conditions (X1 = 1/63 (enzyme/NPs ratio, X2 = pH 8, X4 = 60 °C, and 30 min) showed high efficiency for FA oxidation (82%).

Department of Chemistry Engineering Federal University of São Carlos 13565 905 São Carlos SP Brazil

Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Hradec Králové 500 03 Hradec Králové Czech Republic

Department of Chemistry Federal University of Lavras N° 37 Lavras MG 37200 000 Brazil

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