BACKGROUND: No previous study in Venezuela and few in the Region of the Americas have reported national cardiometabolic health data. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and distribution of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) in adults of Venezuela. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional, and randomized cluster sampling national study was designed to recruit 4454 adults with 20 years or older from the eight regions of the country from July 2014 to January 2017. Sociodemographic, clinical, physical activity, nutritional, and psychological questionnaires; anthropometrics, blood pressure, and biochemical measurements were obtained. The results were weighted by gender, age, and regions. RESULTS: Data from 3414 participants (77% of recruited), 52.2% female, mean age of 41.2 ± 15.8 years, were analyzed. CMRF adjusted-prevalence were: diabetes (12.3%), prediabetes (34.9%), hypertension (34.1%), obesity (24.6%), overweight (34.4%), abdominal obesity (47.6%), underweight (4.4%), hypercholesterolemia (19.8%), hypertriglyceridemia (22.7%), low HDL-cholesterol (63.2%), high LDL-c (20.5%), daily consumption of fruits (20.9%) and vegetables (30.0%), insufficient physical activity (35.2%), anxiety (14.6%) and depression (3.2%) symptoms, current smoker (11.7%), and high (≥ 20%) 10-year fatal cardiovascular risk (14.0%). CMRF prevalence varied according to gender, age and region of residence. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiometabolic risk factors are highly prevalent in Venezuelan adults. This situation can be affected by the severe socio-economic crisis in the country. The joint action of different stakeholders to implement public health strategies for the prevention and treatment of these risk factors in Venezuela is urgently needed.

Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine Dr Luis Razetti Universidad Central de Venezuela Caracas Venezuela

Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine Universidad de Carabobo Valencia Venezuela

Department of Physiology School of Medicine Dr Luis Razetti Universidad Central de Venezuela Caracas Venezuela

Foundation for Clinic Public Health and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela Caracas Venezuela

Foundation for Clinic Public Health and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela Caracas Venezuela; Public Health Research Unit Department of Social and Preventive Medicine School of Medicine Universidad Centro Occidental Lisandro Alvarado Barquisimeto Venezuela

International Clinical Research Center Caracas Venezuela

LifeDoc Health Memphis TN USA; Department of Global Health and Population Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Boston MA USA; Department of Physiology School of Medicine University Centro Occidental Lisandro Alvarado and Cardio metabolic Unit 7 Barquisimeto Venezuela; Foundation for Clinic Public Health and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela Caracas Venezuela

The Marie Josée and Henry R Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health at Mount Sinai Heart and Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Bone Disease Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA

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