BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to assess changes of tear film osmolarity after micro-incision 25G+ pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in a prospective study. METHODS: The group consisted of 21 patients (17 women, 4 men) with an average age of 70,52 years [48; 85]. All patients underwent 25G + PPV surgery due to a disorder of the vitreomacular interface (macular hole or epimacular membrane). Only patients who did not use artificial tears before the surgery and who had not been diagnosed with dry eye syndrome at ours or another institution were included in the study. Except cataract surgery, all ocular surface diseases, intraocular diseases, trauma or surgery were exclusion criterias. Tear film osmolarity was measured in both eyes in every patient before surgery, 10 days after surgery and 30 days after surgery. A paired test was used for statistical evaluation. RESULTS: No statistically significant change in osmolarity was found in the operated eyes (p > 0.05). No statistically significant changes in time (p > 0.05) were found when both eyes were compared. There were no postoperative complications or failure to observe the study protocol. CONCLUSION: Micro-incision 25G + PPV does not affect the osmolarity of the tear film.

Department of Craniofacial Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Ostrava Syllabova 19 703 00 Ostrava Vítkovice Czech Republic

Ophthalmology Clinic University Hospital Ostrava 17 Listopadu 1790 708 52 Ostrava Poruba Czech Republic

See more in PubMed

Cher I. A new look at lubrication of the ocular surface: fluid mechanics behind the blinking eyelids. Ocul Surf. 2008;6(2):79–86. doi: 10.1016/S1542-0124(12)70271-9. PubMed DOI

Craig JP, Nichols KK, Akpek EK, Caffery B, Dua HS, Joo CK, Liu Z, Nelson JD, Nichols JJ, Tsubota K, Stapleton F. TFOS DEWS II definition and classification report. Ocul Surf. 2017;15(3):276–283. doi: 10.1016/j.jtos.2017.05.008. PubMed DOI

Thulasi P, Djalilian AR. Update in current diagnostics and therapeutics of dry eye disease. Ophthalmology. 2017;124(11S):27–33. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.07.022. PubMed DOI PMC

Amparo F, Jin Y, Hamrah P, Schaumberg DA, Dana R. What is the value of incorporating tear osmolarity measurement in assessing patient response to therapy in dry eye disease? Am J Ophthalmol. 2014;157(1):69–77. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.07.019. PubMed DOI PMC

Tomlinson A, Khanal S. Assessment of tear film dynamics: quantification approach. Ocul Surf. 2005;3(2):81–95. doi: 10.1016/S1542-0124(12)70157-X. PubMed DOI

Yoon D, Gadaria-Rathod N, Oh C, Asbell PA. Precision and accuracy of TearLab osmometer in measuring osmolarity of salt solutions. Curr Eye Res. 2014;39(12):1247–1250. doi: 10.3109/02713683.2014.906623. PubMed DOI

Masmali A, Alrabiah S, Alharbi A, El-Hiti GA, Almubrad T. Investigation of tear osmolarity using the TearLab Osmolarity system in normal adults in Saudi Arabia. Eye Contact Lens. 2014;40(2):74–78. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000002. PubMed DOI

Benelli U, Nardi M, Posarelli C, Albert TG. Tear osmolarity measurement using the TearLab Osmolarity system in the assessment of dry eye treatment effectiveness. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2010;33(2):61–67. doi: 10.1016/j.clae.2010.01.003. PubMed DOI

Kim M, Kim HS, Na KS. Correlation between tear osmolarity and other ocular surface parameters in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Korean J Ophthalmol. 2017;31(1):25–31. doi: 10.3341/kjo.2017.31.1.25. PubMed DOI PMC

Moisseiev E, Kinori M, Moroz I, Priel E, Moisseiev J. 25-gauge Vitrectomy with epiretinal membrane and internal limiting membrane peeling in eyes with very good visual acuity. Curr Eye Res. 2016;41(10):1387–1392. doi: 10.3109/02713683.2015.1114654. PubMed DOI

Kopecky A, Nemcansky J. Changes in the anterior segment of the eye following uncomplicated pars plana vitrectomy. A review. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2019;163(3):207–211. doi: 10.5507/bp.2019.014. PubMed DOI

Fujita A, Uchino E, Otsuka H, Arimura N, Noda Y, Ishibashi T, Sakamoto T. Ocular surface molecule after transconjunctival vitrectomy. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011;95(3):419–423. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2010.185058. PubMed DOI

Wei Y, Asbell PA. The core mechanism of dry eye disease is inflammation. Eye Contact Lens. 2014;40(4):248–256. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000042. PubMed DOI PMC

Elksnis Ē, Lāce I, Laganovska G, Erts R. Tear osmolarity after cataract surgery. J Curr Ophthalmol. 2018;31(1):31–35. doi: 10.1016/j.joco.2018.08.006. PubMed DOI PMC

Venincasa VD, Galor A, Feuer W, Lee DJ, Florez H, Venincasa MJ. Long-term effects of cataract surgery on tear film parameters. ScientificWorldJournal. 2013;2013:643764. doi: 10.1155/2013/643764. PubMed DOI PMC

González-Mesa A, Moreno-Arrones JP, Ferrari D, Teus MA. Role of tear osmolarity in dry eye symptoms after cataract surgery. Am J Ophthalmol. 2016;170:128–132. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2016.08.002. PubMed DOI

Lee SY, Wong TT, Chua J, Boo C, Soh YF, Tong L. Effect of chronic anti-glaucoma medications and trabeculectomy on tear osmolarity. Eye (Lond) 2013;27(10):1142–1150. doi: 10.1038/eye.2013.144. PubMed DOI PMC

Julio G, Lluch S, Pujol P, Alonso S, Merindano D. Tear osmolarity and ocular changes in pterygium. Cornea. 2012;31(12):1417–1421. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0b013e318259c934. PubMed DOI

Türkyılmaz K, Oner V, Sevim MŞ, Kurt A, Sekeryapan B, Durmuş M. Effect of pterygium surgery on tear osmolarity. J Ophthalmol. 2013;2013:863498. doi: 10.1155/2013/863498. PubMed DOI PMC