The aging population faces two conditions that threaten healthy aging: high fat mass (obesity) and low muscle mass and function (sarcopenia). The combination of both-referred to as sarcopenic obesity-synergistically increases the risk of adverse health outcomes. The two conditions often co-occur because they reinforce each other and share common etiologies, including poor nutrition and inactivity. All aging people are at risk of gaining weight and losing muscle mass and could benefit from improvements in physical activity, exercise and dietary intake. one specific window of opportunity is during the transient time of retirement, as older adults already need to restructure their daily activities. It is key to change lifestyle behavior in a sustainable manner, providing scientifically proven, personalized, and acceptable principles that can be integrated in daily life. Health technologies (e.g., applications) can provide promising tools to deliver personalized and appealing lifestyle interventions to a large group of people while keeping health care costs low. Several studies show that health technologies have a strong positive effect on physical activity, exercise and dietary intake. Specifically, health technology is increasingly applied to older people, although strong evidence for long term effects in changing lifestyle behavior is generally lacking. Concluding, technology could play an important role in the highly warranted prevention of sarcopenic obesity in older adults. Although health technology seems to be a promising tool to stimulate changes in physical activity, exercise and dietary intake, studies on long lasting effects and specifically targeted on older people around the time of retirement are warranted.

1st Faculty of Medicine Department of Geriatrics Charles University Prague Czechia

Department of Clinical Nutrition KAT General Hospital Athens Greece

Department of Epidemiology Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam Netherlands

Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences University of Trieste Trieste Italy

Department of Nursing Science Medical University Graz Graz Austria

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Amsterdam University Medical Centers Amsterdam Public Health Institute VU University Amsterdam Netherlands

Digital Life Research Group Faculty of Digital Media and Creative Industry Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences Amsterdam Netherlands

Faculty of Health and Social Sciences University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice Czechia

Faculty of Health Center of Expertise Urban Vitality Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences Amsterdam Netherlands

Faculty of Sports and Nutrition Centre of Expertise Urban Vitality Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences Amsterdam Netherlands

Servicio de Geriatría Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Madrid Spain

University Clermont Auvergne Human Nutrition Unit INRA CRNH Auvergne CHU Clermont Ferrand Clinical Nutrition Department Clermont Ferrand France

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Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity and Mortality Among Older People

Effects of Nutrition and Exercise Interventions on Persons with Sarcopenic Obesity: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Randomised Controlled Trials