A number of heterocytous, mat-forming, tapering cyanobacteria in Rivulariaceae have recently been observed in both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts in the rocky intertidal and supratidal zones. These belong to the genera Nunduva, Kyrtuthrix, and Phyllonema and have been the subject of several recent studies. Herein, two new species of Nunduva (N. komarkovae and N. sanagustinensis) and two new species of Kyrtuthrix (K. munecosensis and K. totonaca) are characterized and described from the coasts of Mexico. Genetic separation based on the 16S-23S ITS region was pronounced (>10% in all comparisons). Morphological differences between all existing species in these two genera were also observed, but the group is morphologically complex, and these taxa are considered pseudocryptic. Nunduva and Kyrtuthrix remain morphologically and phylogenetically separate even with the addition of new species. However, how long will this remain the case? Many new genera and species of cyanobacteria have recently been described. Will the taxonomy of cyanobacteria eventually become saturated? Will we start to see multiple populations for the same cryptic species, or will future taxonomists collapse multiple species into fewer species, or multiple genera into single genera. The description of even more Nunduva and Kyrtuthrix species causes us to pause and evaluate the future of cyanobacterial taxonomy. These same questions are faced by algal taxonomists studying other phyla, and the resolution may ultimately be similar.

Departamento de Biología Celular Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Coyoacán Código Postal Ciudad de México 04510 Mexico

Departamento de Biología Comparada Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Coyoacán Código Postal Ciudad de México 04510 Mexico

Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Cuajimalpa Av Vasco de Quiroga 4871 Ciudad de México C P 053000 Mexico

Department of Biology John Carroll University University Heights Ohio 44118 USA

Department of Botany University of South Bohemia Branišovská 1760 Česke Budějovice 370 05 Czech Republic

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