Flaviviruses such as dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and yellow fever virus (YFV) are spread by mosquitoes and cause human disease and mortality in tropical areas. In contrast, Powassan virus (POWV), which causes severe neurologic illness, is a flavivirus transmitted by ticks in temperate regions of the Northern hemisphere. We find serologic neutralizing activity against POWV in individuals living in Mexico and Brazil. Monoclonal antibodies P002 and P003, which were derived from a resident of Mexico (where POWV is not reported), neutralize POWV lineage I by recognizing an epitope on the virus envelope domain III (EDIII) that is shared with a broad range of tick- and mosquito-borne flaviviruses. Our findings raise the possibility that POWV, or a flavivirus closely related to it, infects humans in the tropics.

• MeSH
• epitopy imunologie   MeSH
• Flavivirus imunologie   MeSH
• klíšťata virologie   imunologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky imunologie   MeSH
• neutralizující protilátky * imunologie   MeSH
• protilátky virové imunologie   MeSH
• viry klíšťové encefalitidy imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Brazílie MeSH
• Mexiko MeSH

Myxozoans are a unique group of microscopic parasites that infect mainly fishes. These extremely reduced cnidarians are highly diverse and globally distributed in freshwater and marine habitats. Myxozoan diversity dimension is unknown in Mexico, a territory of an extraordinary biological diversity. This study aimed to explore, for the first time, myxozoan parasite diversity from fishes of the Neotropical region of Mexico. We performed a large morphological and molecular screening using host tissues of 22 ornamental and food fish species captured from different localities of Veracruz, Oaxaca and Chiapas. Myxozoan infections were detected in 90% of the fish species, 65% of them had 1 or 2 and 35% had 3 and up to 8 myxozoan species. Forty-one putative new species were identified using SSU rDNA phylogenetic analyses, belonging to two main lineages: polychaete-infecting (5 species) and oligochaete-infecting (36 species) myxozoans; from those we describe 4 new species: Myxidium zapotecus sp. n., Zschokkella guelaguetza sp. n., Ellipsomyxa papantla sp. n. and Myxobolus zoqueus sp. n. Myxozoan detection increased up to 6 × using molecular screening, which represents 3.7 × more species detected than by microscopy. This study demonstrated that Neotropical fishes from Mexico are hosts of a multitude of myxozoans, representing a source of emerging diseases with large implications for economic and conservation reasons.

• MeSH
• Cnidaria * genetika   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• Myxobolus * genetika   MeSH
• Myxozoa * genetika   MeSH
• nemoci ryb * epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• parazitární nemoci u zvířat * epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• ribozomální DNA genetika   MeSH
• ryby genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Mexiko MeSH

BACKGROUND: The ADIPOQ gene encodes a fat-derived protein hormone with a preponderant role in the homeostasis of glucose and fatty acids. However, previous association studies between ADIPOQ genetic variants and metabolic disorders have shown controversial results. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the ADIPOQ-rs2241766 polymorphism on diverse biochemical parameters (i.e., insulin resistance, atherogenic index, overweight and obesity) in an adolescent population from Mexico. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with convenience sampling was carried out in 356 adolescents from Northern Mexico. They were classified by sex and BMI-z score. The biochemical parameters were measured from blood samples using conventional methods. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS: In low and normal weight groups, GG carriers had a significantly higher cholesterol level (P ≤ 0.05) than TG and TT carriers. However, there was no association between ADIPOQ-rs2241766 polymorphism and atherogenic index, overweight, or obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the cholesterol levels are under the influence of the ADIPOQ-rs2241766 polymorphism in Mexican adolescents and may explain how ADIPOQ variants increase the risk of developing metabolic disorders. Nevertheless, further studies are required to rule out the influence of other genetic and non-genetic factors.

• MeSH
• adiponektin genetika   MeSH
• cholesterol MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus * genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolické nemoci * MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nadváha epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• obezita epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Mexiko MeSH

• MeSH
• diabetes mellitus * prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mobilní aplikace MeSH
• oblast s nedostatečnou zdravotní péčí MeSH
• telemedicína * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Latinská Amerika MeSH
• Mexiko MeSH

Adult specimens of Corynosoma australe Johnston, 1937 were recorded from the intestines of California sea lions, Zalophus californianus (Lesson), from Baja California Peninsula, Mexico, whereas larval forms were collected from two fish species on the Argentinian coast. Adult specimens of C. australe were morphologically characterized by having a cylindrical proboscis with 18-20 rows of 12-14 hooks per row and a cylindrical trunk expanded anteriorly into a disk with tiny, triangular spines spreading almost to three quarters of the hind-trunk in males and to the posterior body end in females. The aim of this study was to explore the genetic diversity and systematic position of C. australe distributed in the Americas. Newly generated sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox 1) gene were compared with sequences available from GenBank. Phylogenetic analyses performed with the cox 1 dataset using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference showed that the 11 new sequences of C. australe recovered from the California sea lion in northern Mexico plus the six sequences from Argentinian seashores formed a clade with other sequences of specimens previously identified as C. australe. The intraspecific genetic divergence among the isolates was very low, ranging from 1 to 1.7%, and in combination with the phylogenetic trees confirmed that the isolates belonged to the same species. The cox 1 haplotype network inferred with 27 sequences revealed 18 haplotypes divided into two clusters clearly separated from each other by 5 substitutions. The first cluster corresponded to specimens from the Northern Hemisphere (United States of America and Mexico), and the second corresponded to specimens from the Southern Hemisphere (Argentina and Brazil). The current evidence suggests that C. australe has an amphitemperate distribution and is associated mainly with otariids with secondary and independent colonization events to other mammals and the Magellanic penguin in the Southern Hemisphere.

• MeSH
• Acanthocephala anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   genetika   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• fylogeografie MeSH
• genetická variace * MeSH
• helmintózy zvířat parazitologie   MeSH
• lachtani rodu Arctocephalus a Callorhinus * MeSH
• larva anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   genetika   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací veterinární   MeSH
• respirační komplex IV MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA veterinární   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Argentina MeSH
• Brazílie MeSH
• Mexiko MeSH
• Spojené státy americké MeSH

The frailty syndrome is a common clinical marker of vulnerability in older adults conducive to an overall decline in inflammatory stress responsiveness; yet little is known about the genetic risk factors for frailty in elderly. Our aim was to investigate the association between the rs2476601 polymorphism in PTPN22 gene and susceptibility to frailty in Mexican older adults. Data included 630 subjects 70 and older from The Coyoacán cohort, classified as frail, pre-frail, and non-frail following Fried's criteria. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were compared between groups at baseline and after a multivariate analysis. The rs2476601 polymorphism was genotyped by TaqMan genotyping assay using real-time PCR and genotype frequencies were determined for each frailty phenotype in all participants and subsets by age range. Genetic association was examined using stratified and interaction analyses adjusting for age, sex and variables selected in the multivariate analysis. Disability for day-life activities, depression and cognitive impairment were associated with the risk of pre-frailty and frailty at baseline and after adjustment. Carrying the T allele increased significantly the risk of frailty in patients 76 and older (OR 5.64, 95% CI 4.112-7.165) and decreased the risk of pre-frailty under no clinical signs of depression (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.17-1.71). The PTPN22 polymorphism, rs2476601, could be a genetic risk factor for frailty as subject to quality of life. This is the first study analyzing such relationship in Mexican older adults. Confirming these findings requires additional association studies on wider age ranges in populations of older adults with frailty syndrome.

• MeSH
• alely MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci * MeSH
• genetické asociační studie * MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus genetika   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• křehkost genetika   patofyziologie   MeSH
• křehký senior MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tyrosinfosfatasa nereceptorového typu 22 genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Mexiko MeSH

Longstanding industrial deposits of 1-chloro-4-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene (DDT) impose environmental threat in Salamanca city, located in central Mexico. Native bacteria from this location were isolated and identified, and their potential utility for DDT biodegradation was examined. Twenty-five isolates were obtained, and cell lysates were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) with BiotyperTR; twenty-one organisms were identified at species level, and the other four were assigned to genus. The most abundant species corresponded to Bacillus (44%) and Pseudomonas genera (20%). Eight bacteria could grow in the presence of 200 mg/L of DDT. Two-week exposure of Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus pumilus, and Bacillus cereus to DDT 50 mg/L and 200 mg/L, caused percentage pesticide degradation in the range 41-48% and 26-31%, respectively. Other four bacteria presented lower degradation rates. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the spent media revealed that eight isolates assisted the conversion of DDT, DDD (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane), and DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene) to DDMU (1,1-(2-chloro-1,1-ethenediyl)-bis-(4-chlorobenzene)); however, DDNU (2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene), DBP (4,4'-dichlorobenzophenone(bis(4-chlorophenyl)methanone)) and DBH (bis(4-chlorophenyl)methanol) were found only for L. fusiformis, B. mycoides, B. cereus, B. marisflavi, and B. megaterium. Within the context of DDT biodegradation, the first three were the most promising isolates and further studies will be aimed at setting the experimental conditions for efficient mineralization of DDT congeners.

• MeSH
• Bacillaceae * izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• Bacillus * izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• Bacteria * chemie   klasifikace   MeSH
• biodegradace MeSH
• DDT * metabolismus   MeSH
• hmotnostní spektrometrie * MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí metabolismus   MeSH
• mikrobiologie životního prostředí * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Mexiko MeSH

ABSTRACT: Cronobacter is a bacterial genus that includes seven species, and the species Cronobacter sakazakii is most related to meningitis and septicemia in infants associated with powdered infant formula (PIF). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the presence of C. sakazakii and to determine the microbiological quality of PIF for infant consumption. To do this, a total of 128 PIF samples were analyzed in four brands and countries (Chile, Mexico, Holland, and Brazil), considering three types of PIF: premature (PIF1), infant (PIF2), and follow-up (PIF3). Aerobic plate counts (APC) and Enterobacteriaceae (ENT) were assessed in accordance with Chilean official standards. The outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene was amplified to detect Cronobacter spp. and the fusA gene was amplified to identify C. sakazakii by using the PubMLST Web site and BLAST (NCBI). The antibiotic resistance profile was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standards. The pathogen was quantified by the most probable number (MPN). The results showed that APC median values for PIF1, PIF2, and PIF3 were 3.2, 4.9, and 4.8 log CFU g-1, respectively. The APC were higher in PIF2 (P < 0.01) from Holland (P < 0.01) in the commercial brand 4 (P < 0.01). The ENT median values in PIF1, PIF2, and PIF3 were 1.8, 1.5, and 1.7 log CFU g-1, respectively. Five strains of C. sakazakii and one strain of Cronobacter malonaticus were identified as having values between 0.023 and 2.3 MPN/g. All strains (100%) harbored the ompA, plasminogen activator (cpa), and hemolysin (hly) virulence genes. To conclude, C. sakazakii was found in four PIF samples from four Chilean products and one from Mexico, which is distributed throughout America. C. sakazakii strains exhibit virulence factors and resistance to ampicillin, thus posing a risk when PIFs are consumed by infants. HIGHLIGHTS:

• MeSH
• Cronobacter sakazakii * MeSH
• Cronobacter MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• kontaminace potravin analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• náhražky mateřského mléka * mikrobiologie   normy   MeSH
• potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
• prášky, zásypy, pudry MeSH
• spotřebitelská bezpečnost produktů MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Brazílie MeSH
• Chile MeSH
• Latinská Amerika MeSH
• Mexiko MeSH
• Nizozemsko MeSH

The parasite communities of predatory fish can be species rich and diverse, making them effective models for studying the factors influencing temporal and spatial variation in these communities. Over a ten-year period an initial study was done on the metazoan parasite communities of Scomberomorus sierra (Jordan et Starks) from four locations on the south-central Pacific coast of Mexico. Twenty-four metazoan parasite taxa were identified from 674 S. sierra specimens: three species of Monogenea, eight Digenea, one Cestoda, one Acanthocephala, four Nematoda, five Copepoda, and two Isopoda. The parasite communities were characterised by high ectoparasite species richness, with monogeneans and some didymozoid species being numerically dominant. Community structure and species composition varied between locations, seasons and sampling years. Similarity between the component parasite communities was generally low, despite the occurrence of a distinctive set of host-specialist parasites. Interannual or local variations in some biotic and abiotic environmental factors are possible causes of the observed variations in the structure and species composition of the parasite community of S. sierra. Ecological factors were therefore considered to have more influence than phylogenetic aspects (host phylogeny) on parasite community structure.

• MeSH
• biodiverzita MeSH
• cizopasní červi * parazitologie   MeSH
• Copepoda * fyziologie   MeSH
• helmintózy zvířat * epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita * MeSH
• nemoci ryb * epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• ryby MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Mexiko MeSH
• Tichý oceán MeSH

In cross-sectional studies among adolescents, estimation of age at menarche (AAM) is based on recall and status quo (SQ) data. Objectives: 1) To estimate median AAM using SQ data and to examine the differences with estimated values of AAM based on recall data. 2) To apply retrospective AAM data correction procedures used in earlier studies (AAMC1 and AAMC2) and to observe the differences with self-reported information (uncorrected or AAMUC) with respect to the estimation of early menarche (EM<12 years), intermediate menarche (IM, 12.0-13.9 years), and late menarche (LM ≥14 years). 3) To calculate SQ data-based maturation age (MA) and to observe the differences of MA among EM, IM, and LM girls. The method was cross-sectional and 9 to 17-year-old 536 girls (422 post-menarche) from Merida, Mexico participated in the study during 2008-2010. Probit analysis estimated median AAM (SQ data). The AAM correction was done using following methods. AAMC1= number of days between birth and July 1 of the recalled year divided by 365.25. AAMC2= half a year was systematically added to the recalled AAM. Results showed that mean value of age was 13.33 years and SQ data-based estimated median AAM was 11.34 years. Mean values of AAM (AAMUC= 11.57 years, AAMC1= 11.53 years, AAMC2= 12.21 years) were different (paired); however, had high correlation (p<0.05). The AAMC1 overestimated EM; AAMC2 underestimated EM, and overestimated LM (%). Mean value of MA of the girls was 15.28 ± 2.15 years. The mean values of MA in EM, IM and LM groups were: 14.67 years, 15.89 years and 17.46 years respectively

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menarche * etnologie   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• věkové faktory * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Mexiko MeSH