• MeSH
• klinické laboratorní techniky MeSH
• nemocniční informační systémy MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kongresy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
• NLK Obory
• biochemie
• lékařská informatika

• MeSH
• chorobopisy - počítačové systémy MeSH
• management znalostí MeSH
• metody pro podporu rozhodování MeSH
• péče o pacienta MeSH
• počítačové zpracování obrazu MeSH
• počítačové zpracování signálu MeSH
• řízení zdravotnictví MeSH
• studium lékařství MeSH
• zdravotnické informační systémy MeSH
• Publikační typ
• sborníky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• lékařská informatika
• NLK Publikační typ
• ročenky

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this scoping review was to identify assessment instruments used for the self-report of pain by hospitalized patients who have had a stroke and who have communication problems. INTRODUCTION: Pain assessment in various patient groups has received considerable attention, and a variety of pain assessment instruments exists. Nevertheless, there is a lack of consensus regarding which pain assessment instruments are used for self-report of pain in stroke patients with communication problems. INCLUSION CRITERIA: This review included articles that focused on hospitalized adults who have had a stroke, have communication problems attributable to a stroke, and describe the use of an assessment instrument for the self-report of pain. The scoping review considered systematic reviews, quantitative and qualitative studies, and mixed method studies. METHODS: Ten databases were searched from inception to August 2020, using Embase as the key information source (it yielded 424 papers). Hand-searching of the references of the included articles yielded an additional 12 papers. Papers written in any language were considered. A data extraction table was created to record relevant information in line with the goals and results of each article, the sample studied, and the pain assessment instrument used. RESULTS: Ten papers were included in the review, most of which were descriptive studies. Most papers were from the United Kingdom and the United States. The most common communication problem in stroke patients was aphasia. The participants received care in various hospital settings (eg, rehabilitation units, comprehensive stroke units, palliative care). Eleven assessment instruments were identified. In most cases, the assessment instruments focused on assessing pain presence and pain intensity. The most frequently used unidimensional pain intensity instrument was the numerical rating scale. Four instruments were multidimensional, of which two assessed health-related quality of life, including pain. The most thorough pain assessment instrument was the ShoulderQ, which contains 10 verbal questions and three visual vertical graphic rating scales that focus on the assessment of stroke-related shoulder pain. CONCLUSIONS: A range of both unidimensional and multidimensional self-report pain instruments was identified; however, of all the possible communication problems, most studies focused solely on patients with mild to moderate aphasia. Therefore, further research is recommended, including studies that also enroll patients with various stroke-related communication problems other than aphasia. In addition, the instruments should be translated for research in non-Western countries. Finally, apart from descriptive studies, experimental research with a robust randomized controlled trial design is needed to examine the effect of pain-inducing procedures on the perceived pain in patients with stroke-related communication problems.

• MeSH
• afázie * MeSH
• bolest MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• komunikace MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zpráva o sobě MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• klinická chemie MeSH
• klinické laboratorní techniky MeSH
• Publikační typ
• periodika MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• chemie, klinická chemie
• chemie, klinická chemie

Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of mortality and hospitalization worldwide. The accurate prediction of mortality and readmission risk provides crucial information for guiding decision making. Unfortunately, traditional predictive models reached modest accuracy in HF populations. We therefore aimed to present predictive models based on machine learning (ML) techniques in HF patients that were externally validated. We searched four databases and the reference lists of the included papers to identify studies in which HF patient data were used to create a predictive model. Literature screening was conducted in Academic Search Ultimate, ERIC, Health Source Nursing/Academic Edition and MEDLINE. The protocol of the current systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO database with the registration number CRD42022344855. We considered all types of outcomes: mortality, rehospitalization, response to treatment and medication adherence. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used as the comparator parameter. The literature search yielded 1649 studies, of which 9 were included in the final analysis. The AUCs for the machine learning models ranged from 0.6494 to 0.913 in independent datasets, whereas the AUCs for statistical predictive scores ranged from 0.622 to 0.806. Our study showed an increasing number of ML predictive models concerning HF populations, although external validation remains infrequent. However, our findings revealed that ML approaches can outperform conventional risk scores and may play important role in HF management.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• ošetřovatelství MeSH
• výzkum MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• ošetřovatelství

Úvod: Oddělení otorinolaryngologie a chirurgie hlavy a krku v St. Mary nemocnici přijímá narůstající počet pacientů odeslaných ze sektoru primární péče k vyšetření pro podezření na maligní onemocnění v oblasti hlavy a krku. Cílem práce bylo zhodnotit symptomy, pro které byli pacienti odesláni svými praktickými lékaři, a zjistit, u kterých z těchto symptomů byl výskyt maligního onemocnění vyšší či žádný. Metodika a popis souboru: Zdrojem informací byl systém CERNER – databáze pacientů pro zdravotnickou dokumentaci, kde byly použity informace z lékařských zpráv, výsledků a z formuláře odeslaných praktickými lékaři. Výsledky: V této retrospektivní studii je popsán soubor 927 pacientů, kteří byli vyšetřeni na zdejším oddělení v období od srpna 2017 do dubna 2018. Z analýzy výsledků je patrné, že nejčastější lokalitou maligního nádoru u pozorované skupiny byl orofarynx. Krční rezistence, jakožto symptom, byl hodnocen jako symptom s vysokým výskytem diagnózy maligního nádoru v ORL oblasti a celkově u 3,34 % ze všech pacientů byl diagnostikován primární maligní tumor v oblasti hlavy a krku. Závěry: Závěrem lze říci, že krční rezistence byla symptomem, který nejčastěji vedl k diagnóze maligního nádoru v oblasti hlavy a krku, a proto pacienti přicházející k praktickému lékaři s krční rezistencí by měli i nadále být odesláni cestou „2 week wait“ na specializované ORL pracoviště. Pacienti odeslaní se symptomy, jako jsou pocit cizího tělesa v krku, diskomfort v krku či s ušní symptomatologií, mohou být prvotně vyšetřeni ve všeobecné otorinolaryngologické ambulanci, neboť tyto symptomy byly hodnoceny jako symptomy s velmi nízkým či nulovým výskytem maligního nádoru v ORL oblasti.

Introduction: Ear, nose and throat department at St. Mary's Hospital receives an increasing number of referrals by primary care for patients with suspected head and neck cancer. The aim of the study was to identify symptoms with high predictive value of cancer. Material and Methods: The source of information was CERNER, an electronic patient database, where information from medical reports, results and referral forms from primary care was retrieved. Results: From August 2017 to April 2018, 927 patients were referred to the ENT department with suspected cancer by the primary care. Analysis of the results revealed that the most common cancer site was oropharynx. The neck lump was evaluated as the symptom with the highest incidence of cancer diagnosis in head and neck area. Overall, 3.34% of patients were diagnosed with primary head and neck malignancy. Conclusion: In conclusion, the neck lump was the symptom with the highest predictive value of cancer and thus these patients should be still referred by the way of the two week wait referral to the specialised head and neck clinics. Patients referred with symptoms such as sense of foreign body in the throat, throat discomfort or ear symptoms could be initially examined in a general otorinolaryngology clinic as these symptoms were evaluated as symptoms with very low or zero occurrence of malignant tumour in the head and neck area.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory hlavy a krku * diagnóza   patofyziologie   MeSH
• nádory orofaryngu diagnóza   patologie   MeSH
• orofarynx patologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• určení symptomu MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• environmentální zdraví MeSH
• katastrofy MeSH
• krizová intervence MeSH
• náhlé příhody MeSH
• pomoc v nouzi MeSH
• první pomoc MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• environmentální vědy
• urgentní lékařství
• environmentální vědy