Discovery of Modified Amidate (ProTide) Prodrugs of Tenofovir with Enhanced Antiviral Properties
Language English Country United States Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- MeSH
- Amides chemistry MeSH
- Antiviral Agents chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Phenol chemistry MeSH
- Hepatocytes virology MeSH
- HIV-1 drug effects MeSH
- Phosphoric Acids chemistry MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
- Drug Discovery * MeSH
- Prodrugs chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Stereoisomerism MeSH
- Tenofovir chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Tyrosine chemistry MeSH
- Hepatitis B virus drug effects MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Amides MeSH
- Antiviral Agents MeSH
- Phenol MeSH
- Phosphoric Acids MeSH
- phosphoramidic acid MeSH Browser
- Prodrugs MeSH
- Tenofovir MeSH
- Tyrosine MeSH
This study describes the discovery of novel prodrugs bearing tyrosine derivatives instead of the phenol moiety present in FDA-approved tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF). The synthesis was optimized to afford diastereomeric mixtures of novel prodrugs in one pot (yields up to 86%), and the epimers were resolved using a chiral HPLC column into fast-eluting and slow-eluting epimers. In human lymphocytes, the most efficient tyrosine-based prodrug reached a single-digit picomolar EC50 value against HIV-1 and nearly 300-fold higher selectivity index (SI) compared to TAF. In human hepatocytes, the most efficient prodrugs exhibited subnanomolar EC50 values for HBV and up to 26-fold higher SI compared to TAF. Metabolic studies demonstrated markedly higher cellular uptake of the prodrugs and substantially higher levels of released tenofovir inside the cells compared to TAF. These promising results provide a strong foundation for further evaluation of the reported prodrugs and their potential utility in the development of highly potent antivirals.
References provided by Crossref.org
Rational Design of Highly Potent SARS-CoV-2 nsp14 Methyltransferase Inhibitors
Phosphonates and Phosphonate Prodrugs in Medicinal Chemistry: Past Successes and Future Prospects