Establishment of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) has resulted in a surveillance system which provides regular, reliable, timely, and accurate data on children's weight status-through standardized measurement of bodyweight and height-in the WHO European Region. Additional data on dietary intake, physical activity, sedentary behavior, family background, and school environments are collected in several countries. In total, 45 countries in the European Region have participated in COSI. The first five data collection rounds, between 2007 and 2021, yielded measured anthropometric data on over 1.3 million children. In COSI, data are collected according to a common protocol, using standardized instruments and procedures. The systematic collection and analysis of these data enables intercountry comparisons and reveals differences in the prevalence of childhood thinness, overweight, normal weight, and obesity between and within populations. Furthermore, it facilitates investigation of the relationship between overweight, obesity, and potential risk or protective factors and improves the understanding of the development of overweight and obesity in European primary-school children in order to support appropriate and effective policy responses.

Biomedical Sciences Department Faculty of Sport and Physical Education University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia

Center for Health Ecology Institute of Public Health of Montenegro Podgorica Montenegro

Centre for Nutrition Prevention and Health Services National Institute for Public Health and the Environment Bilthoven Netherlands

Children's Hospital National Institute of Children's Diseases Medical Faculty Comenius University Bratislava Slovakia

College of Health and Agricultural Sciences University College Dublin Dublin Ireland

Croatian Institute of Public Health Zagreb Croatia

Department Food and Nutrition National Centre of Public Health and Analyses Sofia Bulgaria

Department of Cardiology Institute of Mother and Child Warsaw Poland

Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Sciensano Brussels Belgium

Department of Health and Inequality Division of Mental and Physical Health Norwegian Institute of Public Health Oslo Norway

Department of Healthy Policy and Planning Public Health and Reforms Center of Ministry of Health Baku Azerbaijan

Department of Hygiene Health Ecology Service Institute of Public Health of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina

Department of Living Conditions and Lifestyle Public Health Agency of Sweden Solna Sweden

Department of Medical and Public Health Services Ministry of Health Nicosia Cyprus

Department of Non Communicable Diseases and Traumatisms Santé publique France the French Public Health Agency Saint Maurice France

Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition Budapest Hungary

Department of Nutrition and Food Safety World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland

Department of Nutrition Research National Institute for Health Development Tallinn Estonia

Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics International Hellenic University Thessaloniki Greece

Department of Pediatrics Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria

Department of Preventive Medicine Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Lithuania

Department of Research and Health Statistics Centre for Disease and Prevention Control Riga Latvia

Department of Science and Professional Development National Center of Public Health of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan Almaty Kazakhstan

Department of Social and Policy Sciences University of Bath Bath UK

Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health through the Life course WHO Country Office Dushanbe Tajikistan

Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bremen Bremen Germany

Faculty of Medicine Department of Public Health and Management University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest Bucharest Romania

Faculty of Medicine SS Cyril and Methodius University Skopje North Macedonia

Faculty of Medicine University of Banja Luka Banja Luka Bosnia and Herzegovina

Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing Discipline of Public health and Health management University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest Bucharest Romania

Faculty of Sport University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia

Health Authority Ministry of Health San Marino San Marino

Health Promotion and Inequality Danish Health Authority Copenhagen Denmark

Institute of Child and Adolescent Health Arabkir Medical Centre Yerevan Armenia

Institute of Paediatric Endocrinology National Medical Research Centre for Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation Moscow Russian Federation

Institute of Public Health Skopje North Macedonia

Internal Diseases Department Scientific Clinical Centre of Mother and Child Health Ashgabat Turkmenistan

Kazakhstan School of Public Health Kazakhstan's Medical University Almaty Kazakhstan

Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology BIPS Bremen Germany

Maternal Child and Reproductive Health National Center for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia Tbilisi Georgia

Ministry of Health Israel

National Agency for Public Health Chișinău Republic of Moldova

National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Italian National Institute of Health Rome Italy

National Centre of Health Promotion and Health Evaluation National Institute of Public Health Bucharest Romania

Nutrition and Food Safety Sector Institute of Public Health Tirana Albania

Nutritional Surveillance and Epidemiology Team University Sorbonne Paris Nord Bobigny France

Obesity Management Centre Institute of Endocrinology Prague Czechia

Primary Child Health Unit Primary Health Care Floriana Malta

Public Health and Welfare Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland

Public Health Center Ministry of Health of Ukraine Kiev Ukraine

Public Health General Directorate Ministry of Health of Turkey Ankara Turkey

Public Health Institute of Republic of Srpska Banja Luka Bosnia and Herzegovina

Republic Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Centre for Pediatrics Tashkent Uzbekistan

Republican Center for Health Promotion and Mass Communication Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic Bishkek Kyrgyzstan

Republican Centre for Nutrition Ministry of Health and Social Protection of Population Dushanbe Tajikistan

School of Medicine University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia

Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition Ministry of Consumer Affairs Madrid Spain

University of Haifa School of Public Health Israel

WHO Europe Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Childhood Obesity Food and Nutrition Department National Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge Lisbon Portugal

World Health Organization Child and Adolescent Health and Development WHO Regional Office for Europe Copenhagen Denmark

World Health Organization European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases Division of Country Health Programmes WHO Regional Office for Europe Moscow Russian Federation

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