In the present study, we investigated the modulatory influence of the unconscious, bodily arousal on motor-related embodied information. Specifically, we examined how the interoceptive prediction error interacts with the event-related potentials linked to action-effect processing. Participants were asked to perform a task with self-initiated or externally-triggered sounds while receiving synchronous or false auditory cardiac feedback. The results found that interaction of interoceptive manipulation and action-effect processing modulates the frontal subcomponent of the P3 response. During the synchronous cardiac feedback, the P3 response to self-initiated tones was enhanced. During the false cardiac feedback, the frontal cortical response was reversed. N1 and P2 components were affected by the interoceptive manipulation, but not by the interaction of interoception and action processing. These findings provide experimental support for the theoretical accounts of the interaction between interoception and action processing within a framework of predictive coding, manifested particularly in the higher stages of action processing.

Behavioural and Social Neuroscience CEITEC Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Kamenice 753 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic

Behavioural and Social Neuroscience CEITEC Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Kamenice 753 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic; 1st Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and St Anne's University Hospital Pekařská 664 53 656 91 Brno Czech Republic

Behavioural and Social Neuroscience CEITEC Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Kamenice 753 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic; Clinical Research Program National Institute of Mental Health Topolová 748 250 67 Klecany Czech Republic

Behavioural and Social Neuroscience CEITEC Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Kamenice 753 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic; Clinical Research Program National Institute of Mental Health Topolová 748 250 67 Klecany Czech Republic; 1st Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and St Anne's University Hospital Pekařská 664 53 656 91 Brno Czech Republic

Consciousness Lab Institute of Psychology Jagiellonian University Ingardena 6 30 060 Kraków Poland; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience University College London 17 19 Queen Square London WC1N 3AZ UK

Multimodal and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group CEITEC Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Kamenice 753 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic

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