The bisphenol A (BPA)-disrupted reproductive functions have been demonstrated in male animals. In fish, it has been shown that environmentally relevant concentrations of BPA decrease sperm quality associated with inhibition of androgen biosynthesis. However, BPA effects on neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction to affect testicular functions are largely unknown. In the present study, reproductive functions of hypothalamus and pituitary were studied in mature male goldfish exposed to nominal 0.2, 2.0 and 20.0 μg/L BPA. At 90 d of exposure, sperm volume, velocity, and density and motility were decreased in goldfish exposed to 0.2, 2.0, and 20.0 μg/L BPA, respectively (p < 0.05). At 30 d of exposure, there were no significant changes in circulatory LH levels and mRNA transcripts of kiss1, Kiss2, gpr54, and gnrh3. At 90 d of exposure, circulatory LH levels showed trends toward increases in BPA exposed goldfish, which was significant in those exposed to 2.0 μg/L (P < 0.05). At this time, Kiss2, gpr54, and gnrh3 mRNA levels were increased in goldfish exposed to any concentrations of BPA (p < 0.05). This study shows that BPA-diminished sperm quality was accompanied by an increase in circulatory LH levels associated with increases in mRNA transcripts of upstream neuroendocrine regulators of reproduction in goldfish. Further, this is the first study to report circulatory levels of LH in fish exposed to BPA.

Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada

Faculty of Animal Sciences University of Agriculture in Kraków Kraków 30 059 Poland

Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization 133 15745 Tehran Iran

School of Biology College of Science University of Tehran 14155 6455 Tehran Iran

South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice Vodňany 389 25 Czech Republic

Toxicology Centre University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan S7N 5B3 Canada

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