INTRODUCTION: Body balance control represents a key factor preventing falls and subsequent injuries in seniors aged 65+. Intervention based on yoga exercises seem to be effective in improving balance. OBJECTIVE: The objective is to analyse and compare changes in static, dynamic, and total balance scores, changes in body composition and social indices as effects of yoga-based intervention. METHODS: A total of 500 participants (234 men aged 74.5 SD±7.74 and 266 women aged 76.9 SD±7.23) were assessed using the Tinetti Balance Assessment Tool, the InBody 230 bioimpedance body composition analyser, and the SF-36 Health Survey, applied to pre and post-testing. The experimental group (n=262; 122 males; 140 females) underwent a four-week yoga-based intervention, 30 minutes daily, while the control group (n=238; 112 males; 126 females) underwent its usual daily programme at senior homes or centres. The ANOVA model, consisting of the Group, Stage, Subject and Group × Stage interaction factors, was used for data evaluation. RESULTS: Intervention led to improvements in the static, dynamic and total balance scores in the experimental group compared to the control group. The results of SF-36 showed positive changes in the psychosocial aspects of health, such as promoting of calmness and happiness in male seniors and reducing fatigue, nervousness and depression in female seniors. The post-intervention decrease in body fat percentage and increase in muscle mass in seniors is discussed. CONCLUSIONS: The four-week yoga-based intervention had positive effects on the static, dynamic and total balance scores, body composition and social status.

UVOD: Nadzor telesnega ravnotežja je ključni dejavnik za preprečevanje padcev in posledičnih poškodb pri starejših od 65 let. Videti je, da ukrep na osnovi vaj joge učinkovito pripomore k izboljšanju ravnotežja. CILJ: Cilj je analizirati in primerjati spremembe ocene statičnega, dinamičnega in skupnega ravnotežja, spremembe sestave telesa ter spremembe socialnih kazalnikov po izvedbi ukrepa na osnovi vaj joge. METODE: 500 udeležencev (234 moških povprečne starosti 74,5 leta, SD ± 7,74 leta, in 266 žensk povprečne starosti 76,9 leta, SD ± 7,23 leta) je bilo v predhodnem in naknadnem testiranju ocenjenih z orodjem Tinetti za oceno ravnotežja (Tinetti Balance Assessment Tool), analizatorjem bioelektrične impedance InBody 230 in vprašalnikom o zdravju SF-36. Pri eksperimentalni skupini (n = 262; 122 moških; 140 žensk) je bil izveden 4-tedenski ukrep na osnovi vaj joge, ki so se izvajale 30 minut na dan, medtem ko je kontrolna skupina (n = 238; 112 moških; 126 žensk) izvajala svoj običajen dnevni program v domovih ali centrih za starejše. Za oceno podatkov je bil uporabljen model ANOVA s faktorji Skupina, Stopnja in Subjekt ter interakcijo Skupina × Stopnja. REZULTATI: Ukrep je v eksperimentalni skupini privedel do izboljšanja ocene statičnega, dinamičnega in skupnega ravnotežja v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino. Rezultati vprašalnika SF-36 so pokazali pozitivne spremembe na področju psihosocialnih vidikov zdravja, kot sta povečanje mirnosti in sreče pri starejših moških ter zmanjšanje utrujenosti, živčnosti in depresivnosti pri starejših ženskah. Opisano je zmanjšanje odstotka telesne maščobe in povečanje mišične mase pri starejših po izvedbi ukrepa. ZAKLJUČKI: 4-tedensko izvajanje ukrepa na osnovi vaj joge je pozitivno vplivalo na oceno statičnega, dinamičnega in skupnega ravnotežja, sestavo telesa in socialni status.

College of Physical Education and Sport Palestra Wellness and Nutrition Science Slovačíkova 400 1 19700 Prague Czech Republic

Institute of Endocrinology 19700 Prague Czech Republic

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