European aerosol phenomenology - 8: Harmonised source apportionment of organic aerosol using 22 Year-long ACSM/AMS datasets
Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Jazyk angličtina Země Nizozemsko Médium print-electronic
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články
Grantová podpora
MR/S019669/1
Medical Research Council - United Kingdom
PubMed
35716508
DOI
10.1016/j.envint.2022.107325
PII: S0160-4120(22)00252-5
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- Klíčová slova
- European Overview, Harmonised Protocol, Long-term Datasets, Organic Aerosol, Rolling PMF, Source apportionment,
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Organic aerosol (OA) is a key component of total submicron particulate matter (PM1), and comprehensive knowledge of OA sources across Europe is crucial to mitigate PM1 levels. Europe has a well-established air quality research infrastructure from which yearlong datasets using 21 aerosol chemical speciation monitors (ACSMs) and 1 aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) were gathered during 2013-2019. It includes 9 non-urban and 13 urban sites. This study developed a state-of-the-art source apportionment protocol to analyse long-term OA mass spectrum data by applying the most advanced source apportionment strategies (i.e., rolling PMF, ME-2, and bootstrap). This harmonised protocol was followed strictly for all 22 datasets, making the source apportionment results more comparable. In addition, it enables quantification of the most common OA components such as hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), biomass burning OA (BBOA), cooking-like OA (COA), more oxidised-oxygenated OA (MO-OOA), and less oxidised-oxygenated OA (LO-OOA). Other components such as coal combustion OA (CCOA), solid fuel OA (SFOA: mainly mixture of coal and peat combustion), cigarette smoke OA (CSOA), sea salt (mostly inorganic but part of the OA mass spectrum), coffee OA, and ship industry OA could also be separated at a few specific sites. Oxygenated OA (OOA) components make up most of the submicron OA mass (average = 71.1%, range from 43.7 to 100%). Solid fuel combustion-related OA components (i.e., BBOA, CCOA, and SFOA) are still considerable with in total 16.0% yearly contribution to the OA, yet mainly during winter months (21.4%). Overall, this comprehensive protocol works effectively across all sites governed by different sources and generates robust and consistent source apportionment results. Our work presents a comprehensive overview of OA sources in Europe with a unique combination of high time resolution (30-240 min) and long-term data coverage (9-36 months), providing essential information to improve/validate air quality, health impact, and climate models.
Air Quality and Climate Department Estonian Environmental Research Centre Marja 4D Tallinn Estonia
Aix Marseille Univ CNRS LCE Marseille France
Atmospheric Composition Research Finnish Meteorological Institute P O Box 503 00101 Helsinki Finland
Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre The Cyprus Institute Nicosia 2121 Cyprus
Datalystica Ltd Park innovAARE 5234 Villigen Switzerland
Deutscher Wetterdienst Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg 82383 Hohenpeißenberg Germany
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences ETH Zürich Zürich 8092 Switzerland
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research Physics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate 40129 Bologna Italy
Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS Rozvojová 135 1 16502 Prague Czech Republic
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research Barcelona 08034 Spain
Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique UMR6016 Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS Aubière France
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute 5232 Villigen Switzerland
National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000 77125 Magurele Romania
NILU Norwegian Institute for Air Research 2007 Kjeller Norway
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