Effect modification of greenness on the association between heat and mortality: A multi-city multi-country study
Jazyk angličtina Země Nizozemsko Médium print-electronic
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články
Grantová podpora
UL1 TR001863
NCATS NIH HHS - United States
R01 MD012769
NIMHD NIH HHS - United States
MR/R013349/1
Medical Research Council - United Kingdom
MR/V034162/1
Medical Research Council - United Kingdom
P30 ES019776
NIEHS NIH HHS - United States
PubMed
36088684
PubMed Central
PMC9471476
DOI
10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104251
PII: S2352-3964(22)00433-9
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- Klíčová slova
- Effect modification, Greenspace, Heat, Mortality,
- MeSH
- klimatické změny * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mortalita MeSH
- velkoměsta MeSH
- vysoká teplota * MeSH
- životní prostředí MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Finsko MeSH
- velkoměsta MeSH
BACKGROUND: Identifying how greenspace impacts the temperature-mortality relationship in urban environments is crucial, especially given climate change and rapid urbanization. However, the effect modification of greenspace on heat-related mortality has been typically focused on a localized area or single country. This study examined the heat-mortality relationship among different greenspace levels in a global setting. METHODS: We collected daily ambient temperature and mortality data for 452 locations in 24 countries and used Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) as the greenspace measurement. We used distributed lag non-linear model to estimate the heat-mortality relationship in each city and the estimates were pooled adjusting for city-specific average temperature, city-specific temperature range, city-specific population density, and gross domestic product (GDP). The effect modification of greenspace was evaluated by comparing the heat-related mortality risk for different greenspace groups (low, medium, and high), which were divided into terciles among 452 locations. FINDINGS: Cities with high greenspace value had the lowest heat-mortality relative risk of 1·19 (95% CI: 1·13, 1·25), while the heat-related relative risk was 1·46 (95% CI: 1·31, 1·62) for cities with low greenspace when comparing the 99th temperature and the minimum mortality temperature. A 20% increase of greenspace is associated with a 9·02% (95% CI: 8·88, 9·16) decrease in the heat-related attributable fraction, and if this association is causal (which is not within the scope of this study to assess), such a reduction could save approximately 933 excess deaths per year in 24 countries. INTERPRETATION: Our findings can inform communities on the potential health benefits of greenspaces in the urban environment and mitigation measures regarding the impacts of climate change. FUNDING: This publication was developed under Assistance Agreement No. RD83587101 awarded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to Yale University. It has not been formally reviewed by EPA. The views expressed in this document are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Agency. EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this publication. Research reported in this publication was also supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01MD012769. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Also, this work has been supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (2021R1A6A3A03038675), Medical Research Council-UK (MR/V034162/1 and MR/R013349/1), Natural Environment Research Council UK (Grant ID: NE/R009384/1), Academy of Finland (Grant ID: 310372), European Union's Horizon 2020 Project Exhaustion (Grant ID: 820655 and 874990), Czech Science Foundation (22-24920S), Emory University's NIEHS-funded HERCULES Center (Grant ID: P30ES019776), and Grant CEX2018-000794-S funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 The funders had no role in the design, data collection, analysis, interpretation of results, manuscript writing, or decision to publication.
Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research University of Oulu Oulu Finland
Department of Earth Sciences University of Torino Turin Italy
Department of Environmental Health Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health Boston MA USA
Department of Environmental Health National Institute of Public Health Cuernavaca Morelos Mexico
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
Department of Geography University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine Umeå University Sweden
Department of Statistics and Computational Research Universitat de València València Spain
Graduate School of Public Health Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
Institute of Advanced Studies University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland
School of the Environment Yale University New Haven CT USA
School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel Switzerland; University of Basel Basel Switzerland
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