UNLABELLED: Precancerous lesions of human cervix uteri have a tendency for regression or progression. In cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CINII) case there is an uncertainty if a lesion will progress or regress. The carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) enzyme is overexpressed in cervical cancer which is more sensitive to radiotherapy. CAIX is associated with poor prognosis in solid hypoxic tumors. The aim of this study was to determine factors related to elevated soluble CAIX (s-CAIX) in high-grade intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) cases. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with HSIL (N = 77) were included into the research group whereas without HSIL (N = 72)-the control group. Concentration of the soluble CAIX (s-CAIX) in plasma was determined by the DIANA ligand-antibody-based method. C. trachomatis was detected from cervical samples by PCR. Primary outcomes were risk factors elevating s-CAIX level in HSIL group. Non-parametric statistical analysis methods were used to calculate correlations. RESULTS: The s-CAIX level in patients with HSIL was elevated among older participants (rs = 0.27, p = 0.04) and with C. trachomatis infection (p = 0.028). Among heavy smokers with HSIL, the concentration of s-CAIX was higher in older women (rs = 0.52, p = 0.005), but was not related to the age of heavy smokers' controls (τ = 0.18 p = 0.40). CONCLUSION: The concentration of s-CAIX was higher among older, heavy smoking and diagnosed with C. trachomatis patients. All these factors increased the risk for HSIL progression.

Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Institute of Clinical Medicine Vilnius University M K Ciurlionio st 21 03101 Vilnius Lithuania

Consultative Polyclinic Department National Cancer Institute Santariskiu st 1 08406 Vilnius Lithuania

Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design Institute of Biotechnology Life Sciences Center Vilnius University Sauletekio sl 7 10257 Vilnius Lithuania

Department of Immunology and Cell Biology Institute of Biotechnology Life Sciences Center Vilnius University Sauletekio sl 7 10257 Vilnius Lithuania

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical Academy Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Eiveniu st 2 50161 Kaunas Lithuania

Department of Pathological Anatomy Medical Academy Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Eiveniu st 2 50161 Kaunas Lithuania

Department of Pathology Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology Institute of Biomedical Science Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University M K Ciurlionio st 21 03101 Vilnius Lithuania

Diana Biotechnologies Nad Safinou 2 366 252 50 Vestec Czech Republic

Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo n 2 166 37 Prague 6 Czech Republic

Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo náměstí 542 2 160 00 Praha Czech Republic

National Center of Pathology Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos P Baublio st 5 08406 Vilnius Lithuania

Pharmacy Center Institute of Biomedical Science Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University M K Ciurlionio st 21 03101 Vilnius Lithuania

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