The emergence of brassica yellow virus (BrYV) has increasingly damaged crucifer crops in China in recent years. In 2020, a large number of oilseed rape in Jiangsu showed aberrant leaf color. A combined RNA-seq and RT-PCR analysis identified BrYV as the major viral pathogen. A subsequent field survey showed that the average incidence of BrYV was 32.04%. In addition to BrYV, turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) was also frequently detected. As a result, two near full-length BrYV isolates, BrYV-814NJLH and BrYV-NJ13, were cloned. Based on the newly obtained sequences and the reported BrYV and turnip yellow virus (TuYV) isolates, a phylogenetic analysis was performed, and it was found that all BrYV isolates share a common root with TuYV. Pairwise amino acid identity analysis revealed that both P2 and P3 were conserved in BrYV. Additionally, recombination analysis revealed seven recombinant events in BrYV as TuYV. We also attempted to determine BrYV infection by quantitative leaf color index, but no significant correlation was found between the two. Systemic observations indicated that BrYV-infected plants had different symptoms, such as no symptom, purple stem base and red old leaves. Overall, our work proves that BrYV is closely related to TuYV and could be considered as an epidemic strain for oilseed rape in Jiangsu.

College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

Guizhou Rapeseed Institute Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guiyang 550008 China

Institute of Life Sciences Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China

Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Industrial Crops Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 China

Laboratory of Virology Centre for Plant Virus Research Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Rozvojová 263 165 02 Prague Czech Republic

Plant Virus and Vector Interactions Centre for Plant Virus Research Crop Research Institute Drnovska 507 73 161 06 Praha Czech Republic

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