Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the top public health threats nowadays. Among the most important AMR pathogens, Escherichia coli resistant to extended spectrum cephalosporins (ESC-EC) is a perfect example of the One Health problem due to its global distribution in animal, human, and environmental sources and its resistant phenotype, derived from the carriage of plasmid-borne extended-spectrum and AmpC β-lactamases, which limits the choice of effective antimicrobial therapies. The epidemiology of ESC-EC infection is complex as a result of the multiple possible sources involved in its transmission, and its study would require databases ideally comprising information from animal (livestock, companion, wildlife), human, and environmental sources. Here, we present the steps taken to assemble a database with phenotypic and genetic information on 10,763 ESC-EC isolates retrieved from multiple sources provided by 13 partners located in eight European countries, in the frame of the DiSCoVeR Joint Research project funded by the One Health European Joint Programme (OH-EJP), along with its strengths and limitations. This database represents a first step to help in the assessment of different geographical and temporal trends and transmission dynamics in animals and humans. The work performed highlights aspects that should be considered in future international efforts, such as the one presented here.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Ecology Group School of Medicine University of Galway H91 TK33 Galway Ireland

Backweston Laboratory Campus Department of Agriculture Food and the Marine W23 X3PH Celbridge Ireland

Department of Animal Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universidad Complutense Avda Puerta de Hierro S N 28040 Madrid Spain

Department of Bacteriology Host Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostics Wageningen Bioveterinary Research Part of Wageningen University and Research 8221 Lelystad The Netherlands

Department of Biological Safety German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment 10589 Berlin Germany

Department of Microbiology National Veterinary Research Institute 24 100 Pulawy Poland

Department of Public Health Medical Faculty Masaryk University 625 000 Brno Czech Republic

Food Safety Department Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown D15 DY05 Dublin Ireland

Laboratory of Bacteriology and Micology National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research National Reference for Animal Health 2780 157 Oeiras Portugal

National Food Institute Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark

National Reference Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Infections Department of Infectious Diseases National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge Avenida Padre Cruz 1649 016 Lisbon Portugal

Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology University of Veterinary Medicine 1210 Vienna Austria

VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre Universidad Complutense 28040 Madrid Spain

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