The Safety Assessment of Cosmetic Perfumes by Using In Chemico and In Vitro Methods in Combination with GC-MS/MS Analysis
Jazyk angličtina Země Anglie, Velká Británie Médium print-electronic
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články
- Klíčová slova
- 3Rs, Three Rs, allergens, alternative methods to animal testing, cosmetics, cytotoxicity, endocrine disruption, genotoxicity, in vitro methods, mixtures, perfumes, sensitisers, skin sensitisation,
- MeSH
- alergeny toxicita analýza MeSH
- kosmetické přípravky * toxicita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- parfém * analýza MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- tea tree oil * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- alergeny MeSH
- kosmetické přípravky * MeSH
- parfém * MeSH
- tea tree oil * MeSH
Animal testing has been prohibited for the safety assessment of cosmetic ingredients or finished products. Thus, alternative non-animal methods, followed by confirmatory clinical studies on human volunteers, should be used as the sole legally acceptable approach within the EU. The safety assessment of cosmetic products requires the involvement of multiple scientific disciplines, including analytical chemistry and biomedicine, as well as in chemico, in vitro and in silico toxicology. Recent data suggest that fragrance components may exert multiple adverse biological effects, e.g. cytotoxicity, skin sensitisation, (photo)genotoxicity, mutagenicity, reprotoxicity and endocrine disruption. Therefore, a pilot study was conducted with selected samples of fragrance-based products, such as deodorant, eau de toilette and eau de parfum, with the aim of integrating results from a number of alternative non-animal methods suitable for the detection of the following toxicological endpoints: cytotoxicity (with 3T3 Balb/c fibroblasts); skin sensitisation potential (in chemico method, DPRA); skin sensitisation potential (LuSens in vitro method, based on human keratinocytes); genotoxicity potential (in vitro Comet assay with 3T3 Balb/c cells); and endocrine disruption (in vitro YES/YAS assay). The presence of twenty-four specific known allergens in the products was determined by using GC-MS/MS. The strategies for estimation of the NOAEL of a mixture of allergens, which were proposed by the Scientific Committee on Consumer Products in their 'Opinion on Tea tree oil' document and by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority in their 'Risk Profile of Tea tree oil' report, were used as models for the NOAEL estimation of the mixtures of allergens that were identified in the individual samples tested in this study.
3rd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Prague Czech Republic
Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety National Institute of Public Health Prague Czech Republic
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University Tampere Finland
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