Traditional thrombolytic therapeutics for vascular blockage are affected by their limited penetration into thrombi, associated off-target side effects, and low bioavailability, leading to insufficient thrombolytic efficacy. It is hypothesized that these limitations can be overcome by the precisely controlled and targeted delivery of thrombolytic therapeutics. A theranostic platform is developed that is biocompatible, fluorescent, magnetic, and well-characterized, with multiple targeting modes. This multimodal theranostic system can be remotely visualized and magnetically guided toward thrombi, noninvasively irradiated by near-infrared (NIR) phototherapies, and remotely activated by actuated magnets for additional mechanical therapy. Magnetic guidance can also improve the penetration of nanomedicines into thrombi. In a mouse model of thrombosis, the thrombosis residues are reduced by ≈80% and with no risk of side effects or of secondary embolization. This strategy not only enables the progression of thrombolysis but also accelerates the lysis rate, thereby facilitating its prospective use in time-critical thrombolytic treatment.

Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Taipei Medical University Wan Fang Hospital Taipei 11696 Taiwan

Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technologies Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City 24301 Taiwan

Clinical Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei 11031 Taiwan

Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan

Department of Materials Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City 24301 Taiwan

Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Faculty of Medicine University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Vietnam

Department of Orthopedics Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei 11031 Taiwan

Department of Orthopedics Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan

Department of Physical Electronics Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno 60177 Czech Republic

Department of Urology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University 250 Wu Hsing Street Taipei 11031 Taiwan

Department of Urology Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University 291 Zhongzheng Road Zhonghe District New Taipei City 23561 Taiwan

Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering International Ph D Program in Biomedical Engineering Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics School of Biomedical Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Device Innovation Entrepreneurship Education Center College of Interdisciplinary Studies Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan

National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu Science Park Hsinchu 30076 Taiwan

Precision Medicine and Translational Cancer Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei 11031 Taiwan

School of Dental Technology College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan

TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney Taipei Medical University 250 Wu Hsing Street Taipei 11031 Taiwan

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