Pneumoperitoneum as a finding on imaging examinations is not always a sign of acute abdomen due to gastrointestinal perforation. These findings must be viewed in connection with the clinical condition and personal history of each patient because they may also indicate a non-surgical or spontaneous pneumoperitoneum. This condition is repeatedly described but very often neglected. This paper presents the case report of a patient with non-surgical pneumoperitoneum where, despite proceeding according to the guidelines, no expected intra-abdominal pathology explaining the patient's problems was found.

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