BACKGROUNDS: Oncological outcomes of the robotic low anterior rectal resection with total mesorectal excision (TME) are still under discussion. Few studies have proven that robotic TME (rTME) is a safe and equivalent method for treatment of rectal carcinoma. But there is almost no comparison between the rTME and conventional TME in terms of the number of lymph nodes obtained and the quality of the TME. METHODS: A single institution retrospective study was designed in a cohort of 261 patients. Cohort was divided into two groups depending on the type of surgery (rTME versus TME) and within these two groups, patients were divided according to whether they underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCHRT) or did not. The primary objective of the study was to compare obtained number of the lymph nodes in specimen. Secondary objectives were comparison of the quality of the TME and the number of positive circumferential resection margins. RESULTS: Results of the study have shown no significant difference in number of the lymph nodes obtained by the rTME and TME. There was no difference in the quality of the TME, neither in the group with the previous nCHRT nor in the group without a nCHRT. CONCLUSION: With results from the study we consider the rTME to be non-inferior to the conventional TME. Therefore, at least identical oncological results can be expected in patients treated by the rTME.

Centre for Endoscopic Surgical and Clinical Anatomy 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic

Department of Anatomy 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic

Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University and Motol University Hospital Prague Czech Republic

Department of Surgery 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University and Motol University Hospital Prague Czech Republic

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