An accurate and coherent bacterial taxonomy is essential for studying the ecological aspects of microorganisms and for understanding microbial communities and their dynamics. The order Pseudomonadales is of particular importance in biological research due to its ability to interact with eukaryotic hosts, including taxa of clinical relevance (e.g.: Pseudomonas, Moraxella, Acinetobacter), or due to its functions in soil and water ecosystems. Despite their relevance, we have identified several inconsistencies in the organisation of genera within families in this order. Here, we perform comprehensive phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses to reorganise these taxa. Average amino acid identity (AAI) values shared within and between families support our reclassifications. We propose seven new families, including new ecologically relevant families (e.g.: Oceanobacteraceae fam. nov.), as well as several taxonomic emendations. Our results also support the inclusion of Cellvibrionales and Oceanospirillales within Pseudomonadales. This revised organisation provides a robust delineation of these taxa into families, characterised by AAI values ranging from 60% to 77%. AAI distances between families are predominantly below 60%. This reclassification contributes to establishment of a more reliable taxonomic framework within Gammaproteobacteria, providing the basis for a more comprehensive understanding of their evolution.

Departamento de Microbiología y Genética Universidad de Salamanca Salamanca Spain; Institute for Agribiotechnology Research Universidad de Salamanca Villamayor Salamanca Spain

Departamento de Microbiología y Genética Universidad de Salamanca Salamanca Spain; Institute for Agribiotechnology Research Universidad de Salamanca Villamayor Salamanca Spain; Associated Research Unit of Plant Microorganism Interaction Universidad de Salamanca IRNASA CSIC Salamanca Spain

Departamento de Microbiología y Genética Universidad de Salamanca Salamanca Spain; Institute for Agribiotechnology Research Universidad de Salamanca Villamayor Salamanca Spain; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vídeňská Prague Czech Republic

Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2025 Nov;212:108409. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108409. PubMed

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