Tree gums, classified as non-wood forest products (NWFPs), are becoming increasingly popular because of their substantial influence on the livelihoods of individuals in developing nations and their ability to enhance the well-being of locals. As food additives and frameworks for current and future non-food applications, tree-based carbohydrate gums are critical as sustainable, ecological, biodegradable, and recyclable materials. This review expounds on the crucial and assorted applications of gum Karaya (Sterculia urens; GK) and gum Kondagogu (Cochlospermum gossypium; KG) and their derivatives in nanoparticle synthesis, energy harvesting/storage, food packaging, hydrogel formulations, environmental bioremediation, and water purification. They can be applied as functional nanofibers, sponges, films, hydrogels, and nanocomposites. A thorough evaluation of recent scientific research on 'green' and sustainable manifestations of these gum polymers (including their functionalized material forms, fabrication techniques, products, and advances) has been directed in terms of various scientific applications and possible industrial domains. This review extends sustainable product enhancement based on these natural gums ranging from laboratory to future industrial-scale manufacturing and the associated challenges, thus envisaging a platform for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs 1, 2, 6, and 7) in livelihood, agricultural sustainability, clean water, and sanitation, as well as affordable clean energy.

Amrita School for Sustainable Futures Lab Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita University Amritapuri Campus Clappana P O Kollam 690525 Kerala India

Centre for Water Soluble Polymers Applied Science Faculty of Arts Science and Technology Wrexham Glyndwr University Plas Coch Mold Road Wrexham LL11 2AW United Kingdom

Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry Department of Chemistry Federal University of São Carlos 13565 905 São Carlos SP Brazil

Institute for Nanomaterials Advanced Technologies and Innovation Technical University of Liberec Studentská 2 461 17 Liberec Czech Republic

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