Compatibility of antimicrobial preservatives with therapeutic bacteriophages of the genera Pbunavirus and Kayvirus
Language English Country Netherlands Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article
PubMed
40505744
DOI
10.1016/j.ejpb.2025.114781
PII: S0939-6411(25)00158-4
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- Antimicrobial preservative, Bacteriophages, Dosage forms formulations, Excipients, Kayvirus, Pbunavirus, Phage therapy, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus,
- MeSH
- Anti-Infective Agents * pharmacology chemistry MeSH
- Bacteriophages * drug effects MeSH
- Benzalkonium Compounds pharmacology chemistry MeSH
- Phage Therapy methods MeSH
- Preservatives, Pharmaceutical * chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
- Excipients chemistry MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Anti-Infective Agents * MeSH
- Benzalkonium Compounds MeSH
- Preservatives, Pharmaceutical * MeSH
- Excipients MeSH
Implementing bacteriophages into dosage forms is a significant step for the practical application of phage therapy. While designing a dosage form, bacteriophages as active ingredients may be exposed to excipients, guaranteeing microbial quality. However, only a few antimicrobial preservatives have been studied regarding their interaction with bacteriophages during long-term storage. Here, the stability of the staphylococcal Kayvirus and pseudomonal Pbunavirus with twelve commonly used preservatives was monitored for thirteen weeks to assess the risk of destabilisation of phage suspensions by excipients. The effectiveness of preservatives on the test bacteria, yeast and mould was determined using a microdilution method and the phage lytic activity by plaque enumeration. The antimicrobial activity of preservatives with bacteriophages was confirmed, except benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine digluconate, which showed precipitation and were classified as incompatible. A complete loss of phage potency in both tested phages occurred with diazolidinyl urea and in Kayvirus with benzalkonium chloride. For both phages, a slight decrease in titer, by one order of magnitude, was observed with m-cresol, sodium propionate, sodium benzoate, and phenylethyl alcohol. For Kayvirus, thimerosal, parabens, and mono propylene glycol and for Pbunavirus, phenoxyethanol also met the criteria. The decrease by two or more orders was determined for the remaining cases. This study helps select antimicrobial preservatives for optimizing dosage formulations with the therapeutically applicable bacteriophages.
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